Abstract: Precision sowing can effectively reduce the number of seeds used, save costs and money, and the quality of crops grown through precision sowing is high. In order to grasp the development level of electronically controlled precision sowing technology at home and abroad, this paper carries out research from precision sowing online detection technology, sowing volume control technology and seed replenishment technology, focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of photoelectric sensor detection, piezoelectric sensor detection, capacitive sensor detection, visual image detection and precision sowing control technology; and points out the lack of standardization of precision sowing machines in China, insufficient research and development of high precision sensors, and immature intelligent control technology. Finally, combined with the current development situation at home and abroad, the development trend of Chinas precision sowing technology in the direction of multimachine collaboration, remote control and intelligent control is to provide some reference for future researchers to understand electronically controlled precision sowing technology in China.

Key words: electronic control system, precision seeding, detection technology, intelligence, missed seeding replenishment

摘要： 精量播种可有效减少种子使用数量，节省成本开支，且通过精量播种的农作物生长质量较高。为把握国内外电控精量播种技术的发展水平，从精量播种在线检测技术、播种量控制技术和补种技术开展研究，重点分析光电传感器检测、压电传感器检测、电容传感器检测、视觉图像检测和精量播种控制技术的优缺点；指出我国精量播种机缺乏标准化、高精度传感器研发力度不足、智能控制技术不成熟等问题，并提出相关建议；最后，结合国内外发展现状，展望我国精量播种技术在多机协同、远程控制、智能控制等方向的发展趋势，为今后研究人员了解我国电控精量播种技术提供一定的参考。

关键词: 电控系统, 精量播种, 检测技术, 智能化, 漏播补种