Abstract: Aiming at the problems of high wind pressure requirements and large losses caused by the common air chamber of the existing multirow air suction seed metering device, a singledisc multirow independent airchannel type vegetable precision seed metering device was designed. It reduces the wind pressure value required for the seeding process and reduces the wind pressure loss. The structure design of the key components, such as seed metering disc, air channel disc, seed mixing device, seed cleaner, etc., was used to test the seed metering performance using the JPS-12 type seed metering device performance test bench, and the test results were analyzed. It can be known through a singlefactor test that the performance of the seed metering device is better in the range of negative pressure value of 1-2 kPa, seeding disk rotation speed of 15-25 r/min, and positive pressure value of 150-250 Pa. Taking the negative pressure value, the speed of the seed metering plate and the positive pressure value as the test factors, and taking the outermost circle pass index, missed index and replay index as the test indicators, a threefactor and threelevel orthogonal rotation combination test was carried out. The regression equation and response surface of each response index are established. The results show that the primary and secondary order of influence on the pass index, missed broadcast index, and replay index are negative pressure value, seeding disk speed, positive pressure value. The optimization results are tested and verified. When the negative pressure value is 1.7 kPa, the rotational speed is 19 r/min, the positive pressure value is 210 Pa, the pass index is 96.43%, the missed broadcast index is 1.63%, and the replay index is 1.94%, which meets the national standard requirements.

Key words:  vegetables, small particle size seeds, narrow row dense planting, seed metering device, precision seeding, single tray with multiple rows

摘要： 针对现有多行气吸式排种器因共用气室造成风压要求高、损失大的问题，设计一种单盘多行独立气道式蔬菜精量排种器，降低排种过程所需的风压值，减少风压损失。对排种盘、气道盘、搅种装置、清种器等关键部件进行结构设计，利用JPS-12型排种器性能试验台进行排种性能试验并对试验结果进行分析。通过单因素试验，得到在负压值1~2 kPa、排种盘转速15~25 r/min、正压值150~250 Pa的范围内排种器性能较好。以负压值、排种盘转速和正压值为试验因素，以最外圈合格指数、漏播指数和重播指数为指标进行3因素3水平正交旋转组合试验，建立各响应指标的回归方程和响应曲面，结果表明：对合格指数、漏播指数和重播指数影响的主次顺序为负压值、排种盘转速、正压值。对优化结果进行试验验证，当负压值1.7 kPa，排种盘转速19 r/min，正压值210 Pa时，合格指数为96.43%，漏播指数为1.63%，重播指数为1.94%，满足国家标准要求。

关键词: 蔬菜, 小粒径种子, 窄行密植, 排种器, 精量排种, 单盘多行