In order to solve the challenges of unable to perform targeted spraying and poor applicability in the strip intercropping of soybean and corn, A selfpropelled spray boom sprayer designed for this planting mode has been developed. This spray machine is capable of directional and heightadjustable spraying, preventing drift between rows. Firstly, based on the agricultural requirements of the new planting mode, the spraying plan is determined. Then, the specific parameters of the 4+2 planting mode in Jiangsu Province are used to determine the design of key devices for the spray machine, including the height adjustment device for the spray boom, the folding device for the spray boom, and the drift prevention device. Finally, soybeancorn strip intercropping spraying experiments are conducted at the soybean farm in Guanyun County. The prototypes height adjustment, folding device, and drift prevention performance are tested and verified. The results show that the height adjustment and folding devices can effectively carry out chemical weed control and chemical growth regulation for corn and soybean. The drift prevention device reduces liquid droplet drift by 92.52%.

The integrated technology of water and fertilizer has the advantages of saving time and labor, saving water and fertilizer, increasing production, improving environmental conditions and so on. It has been widely used in agricultural production. Sichuan Province is a major province of sericulture and cultivation. The application of waterfertilizer integration technology can effectively alleviate the uneven distribution of water resources in the mulberry park, effectively improve the yield and quality of mulberry leaves, and promote the sustainable development of the industry. By combing the research and application of the technology of waterfertilizer integration in Sichuan, it is concluded that the application of the technology of waterfertilizer integration in Sichuan is mainly concentrated in fruit and vegetable cash crops, and less in mulberry orchard. It analyzed the factors restricting the application of waterfertilizer integration technology in mulberry gardens, such as the high maintenance cost of equipment, the difficulty of technology application and promotion, and the lack of supporting intelligent equipment, and further proposed to carry out the research on the new technology of waterfertilizer integration in mulberry gardens suitable for hills and mountains, improve the application model of waterfertilizer integration technology in typical mulberry areas, and promote the research and development of intelligent waterfertilizer integration irrigation system. In order to accelerate the application and popularization of water and fertilizer integration technology in Sichuan mulberry garden.

Computer vision is a field that involves enabling machines to “see”. This technology uses cameras and computers instead of human eyes to identify, track, and measure targets for further image processing. With the development of computer vision, this technology has found widespread applications in modern agriculture and has played a crucial role in its advancement. Firstly, the concept, components, and working principles of computer vision are detailed. Secondly, the research progress and applications of computer vision technology in areas such as aquaculture, livestock farming, crop growth monitoring, crop pest surveillance, and fruit and vegetable recognition, positioning, and harvesting are introduced both domestically and internationally. Through analysis, it is found that existing technology can promote the development of modern agricultural automation, realizing advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and high precision. However, future technologies will continue to expand into new application areas in modern agriculture, bringing about more technical challenges that need to be overcome. Finally, the paper systematically summarizes and analyzes the applications and challenges of computer vision technology in modern agriculture, discussing future opportunities and prospects, providing the latest references for researchers.

At present, most of the fruit and vegetable picking is mainly based on manual picking, which has disadvantages such as low efficiency and large picking cost, while the problem of labor shortage restricts the rapid development of agriculture as the population aging problem becomes more and more serious. The endeffector, as a key component of fruit and vegetable picking robot, largely affects the picking rate and damage rate of the picking robot, and the research on the endeffector is of vital significance. The current research status of fruit and vegetable picking robots at home and abroad is fully described. The endeffectors of picking are summarized according to the different picking and driving methods, and the causes of damage in the picking process are summarized. By citing typical endeffectors of picking, we analyze the causes of fruit damage during the picking process. By comparing the specific parameters of existing picking robot endeffector solutions, the problems of inaccurate identification and positioning, low picking efficiency, etc. are presented, and the future endeffectors are prospected in terms of damage rate and picking efficiency.

Grain drying is an important link in the postharvest grain production and is related to the issue of national food security. The farinfrared drying machine works at high speed with low energy consumption and effectively maintains the grain quality after drying. It gradually replaces the traditional hotair drying machine, becoming the new favorite of the market. This paper reviews the domestic and foreign researches of farinfrared drying technique in recent years and the current situation of the major market of the farinfrared drying machine. It also expounds the principle of the drying technique, the influence of process parameters and the advantages and disadvantages of combined drying technology. The existing problems of the machine includes firstly the hightemperature heat source with inadequate irradiation timespan, excessive instantaneous intensity, and incapability of drying heatsensitive materials, and secondly the technique of single method that leads to unsatisfied drying effect. The development direction has been put forward that the farinfrared drying equipment will lead to the machine equipped with combined drying technology and clean energy. In the end, it introduces a farinfrared drying machine that uses graphene infrared radiant panel as its new heat source, which provides ideas for developing new materials and new heat sources, and will hopefully help further researches of the farinfrared grain drying machine.

Fruit and vegetable picking is an important part of agricultural production, and it relies heavily on manual labor. The development and application of picking robots will greatly reduce labor dependence of picking operations. The picking robotic arm is a key part of the picking robot and a major focus of research on the picking robot. This paper classified the picking manipulators by the degree of freedom, and summarized the development process and research status of the picking manipulators in China and the rest of the world. Aiming at the problem of lack of standardized solutions in thechoice of freedom and configuration of the picking robotic arm for the same fruit and vegetable in the same cultivation mode, it is proposed that indepth integration of the picking manipulator research and agronomy is the key to solving the problem in future. At the same time, considering that the rigid body is difficult to adapt to the picking environment as well as the joint drive mode being single, it is believed that the flexible design of the picking manipulator body and the combined use of the drive mode will be the future development trend.

Agricultural sensor is the key supporting technology to realize agricultural modernization. In order to supplement the volume of agricultural sensors, more and more advanced and mature industrial sensors have been used in agricultural field effectively. There are some outstanding advantages of LiDAR system for complicated and changeable agricultural scenario since LiDAR system is not affected easily by light environment, and has the ability to build threedimensional model, higher resolution ratio, strong antiinterference capability, mature technology and products. This paper briefly introduces the performance characteristics, working principle, classification, market applications and new technologies of LiDAR system. Based on a large number of relevant studies at home and abroad, systematic presentations about LiDAR system applied in the following five agricultural scenarios were given including detection of forest parameters, geometric characteristics of fruit tree, geometric characteristics of crop phenotypes, autonomous navigation and positioning of agricultural vehicles, and sprayer drift. Then the requirements and challenges of LiDAR technology and data processing methods for agricultural scenario were discussed. Finally, new LiDAR product and technology combined with automatic acquisition system and intelligent data analysis method would greatly improve the application requirements of different levels of agricultural scenes in terms of multiscale, precision, comprehensiveness, richness and realtime data.

Traditional electric tractors has some problems, such as low range, difficult to meet the operation demand of highpower section, etc., the incremental electric tractor is an additional power driving device based on the traditional electric tractor, which takes into account the economic and power requirements, and is one of the main development directions of the electric tractor in the future. On the basis of summarizing the main technologies such as power system research and energy management control strategy of incremental electric vehicle, this paper focuses on the research progress of incremental electric tractor in power system design, parameter matching and optimization algorithm with transmission system, torque distribution and energy management, and points out that precision, intelligence and how to find a better balance between power consumption and fuel consumption, improving the utilization rate of electric energy and reducing fuel consumption are the key and main development direction for the promotion of incremental electric tractors in the future. The modeling of the incremental electric tractor should fully consider the different operation needs of the tractor, such as transportation, soil ploughing, soil turning and land preparation. In the future, based on certain data analysis, the actual operation needs can be fully considered, and personalized and accurate modeling and parameter design can be implemented to improve accuracy. Based on the full analysis of the operating characteristics and energy demand of the extended range electric tractor, the research and development of batteries and related technologies suitable for the extended range electric tractor can be carried out to improve the endurance mileage.

 Under the background of global trade liberalization, it is of great significance to explore its impact on Chinas agricultural exports from the perspective of trade facilitation to enhance Chinas agricultural export competitiveness. This study selected the panel data of agricultural products exports between China and 10 ASEAN countries from 2010 to 2019 and established four primary indicators such as infrastructure, customs environment, regulatory environment, and ecommerce, as well as aviation infrastructure, customs procedures, and 17 secondary indicators such as policy transparency are used to construct the evaluation index system of trade facilitation. The article used the extended gravity model to analyze the primary influencing factors of trade facilitation empirically. The results showed obvious differences in trade facilitation among ASEAN countries, and there was still much room for improvement. The infrastructure efficiency, customs environment, and regulatory environment in the primary indicators of trade facilitation in ASEAN had a significant positive effect on agricultural exports. In contrast, ecommerce had no significant impact on Chinas agricultural exports. Based on the empirical results, the study proposed that ASEAN trading countries should strengthen infrastructure construction, optimize the construction of customs and institutional environment, and improve domestic Internet technology and penetration rate from the perspective of development indicators of trade facilitation to promote the improvement of their trade facilitation level. At the same time, it also put forward from the perspective of China that different development countermeasures should be taken for countries with different development levels of ASEAN trade facilitation in order to promote Chinas agricultural exports.

With the advent of the era of agricultural intelligence, the application of robot technology in the field of intelligent picking in agriculture and fruit industry is becoming more and more extensive. As the core technology of picking operation, the advanced degree of path planning algorithm plays a decisive role in the efficiency and quality of picking operation. Therefore, according to the characteristics of path planning algorithm of picking mechanical arm, it can be divided into four categories such as swarm optimization algorithm, graph search algorithm, probability map algorithm (PRM) and rapidly expanding random tree algorithm (RRT), and based on the above classification, the representative research achievements of domestic and foreign scholars in recent years are introduced, the advantages and disadvantages of various path planning algorithm applied in picking operations are analyzed, and the feasibility, applicability and limitations of various algorithms are systematically summarized by comparison. Finally, the future development direction of path planning algorithm of picking mechanical arm is prospected, and specific suggestions on algorithm optimization are put forward, providing some ideas for path planning research of picking mechanical arm.

Aiming at the problem that the recognition technology of harvesting robots in crop picking was limited by complex background interference in unstructured environments, especially due to occlusion by foliage and the overlapping of fruits, resulting in lower accuracy in identification, an improved YOLOv5 algorithm was proposed based on the improved research approach involving postprocessing of the model. Initially, the centroid distance of fruit targets, the actual difference in predicted box width and height, and the intersectionoverunion of areas were collectively considered as loss terms. This was aimed at enhancing the accuracy of predicted box sizes. Furthermore, the centroid distance was utilized as a penalty term weighted by the intersectionoverunion score to improve the recognition capability for densely clustered targets. Subsequently, auxiliary training heads were incorporated to provide additional gradient information, thereby preventing overfitting. Through comparative analysis of loss values using multiple loss functions and assessing the model improve mentaccuracy, the effectiveness of the enhancements was experimentally validated. Finally, the deployment onto the robot confirmed the feasibility of the proposed improvements. The results indicated that the improved algorithm model achieved an average accuracy of 95.6%, with a recall rate of 90.1%. Compared to the preimprovement overall class accuracy, there was an increase of 0.4 percentage points in both accuracy and recall rate, meeting the recognition requirements for harvesting robots.

With the continuous expansion of the cultivation scale of Auricularia auricula, problems such as rising raw material prices, large labor, and lack of light and simplified equipment exist in production areas across the country to varying degrees. Therefore, in view of the current production situation of my country Auricularia auricula, industry, a comprehensive and comprehensive analysis of the production technology in the development of my country’s black fungus industry is carried out from the aspects of Auricularia auricula, industry cultivation mode, production area distribution and production technology. The production is not clear, the production level is not high, the application of mechanization and facility equipment is not high, and it is proposed that with the expansion of my country’s Auricularia auricula, industry and the rapid transfer of labor employment channels, my country Auricularia auricula, production should vigorously promote light and simplified high⁃efficiency cultivation techniques. Suggestions on the construction of standardized supporting facilities and the development of specialized production equipment.

In order to improve the monitoring level of facility agricultural environment, a remote wireless monitoring system for agricultural greenhouse environment based on ESP32 module was designed. The system comprised of environmental information acquisition module, ESP32 control module, output module, and smartphone control terminal.The monitoring terminal APP was designed with blinker Internet of Things solution based on Android platform. Greenhouse environment temperature, humidity, light intensity, PM2.5 concentration, CO2 concentration, access control and other environmental information was collected through sensors and sent to the remote monitoring mobile phone via WiFi network.The environmental information of the greenhouse was viewed and the relevant greenhouse equipment was controlled remotely using a mobile APP. The system physical prototype was manufactured and an experiment was carried out. The results showed that the lowest success rate of data transmission of the terminal was 97.3% and the average networks packet loss rate was 2.17%. The system has many advantages such as stable operation low cost,good real⁃time, high communication security,high reliability and easy operation.

The key to intelligent development of greenhouse agriculture is researching autonomous mobile equipment in greenhouse. The current difficulty of the application of mobile equipment in greenhouse is how to make sure equipment moves safely, quickly and accurately. Combining the research status of greenhouse autonomous mobile equipment at home and abroad in recent years, the application of greenhouse autonomous mobile equipment was introduced. The research progress of navigation technology according to the different navigation modes was then emphatically expounded. In general, the routes of both guide rail type and tracking type were fixed, the costs of its installation and application were relatively high and their working ranges were small. The multi⁃source data fusion based on SLAM（Simultaneous Localization and Mapping） technology had the advantages of compact structure, autonomous path planning, high efficiency of navigation and obstacle avoidance, and large operation range. Finally, four prospects for the research and development of greenhouse autonomous mobile robot in China were put forward which include development of electric powered robots, miniaturization and modularization of robot design, focusing on SLAM technology in greenhouse, and developing multi⁃functional universal mobile platforms. This research will provide reference for intelligent development of greenhouse autonomous mobile robot in China.