Aiming at the problems of high rate of leakage and damage of potato, a special sweet potato killing machine was designed. The machine was provided with traction force and working power by working tractor. During operation, the sweet potato vine was hit, knead and cut into fragments under the combined action of crushing and swinging knife, shield and fixed knife, and then thrown into the field. The machine included frame, transmission system, seedling picking device, crushing device, suspension system and other components. The machine was designed on both sides of the front end of the picking mechanism, which was composed of picking teeth, picking plate, copying plate and compression spring, which could lift and crush potato seedlings on both sides and bottom of potato ridge. The straight cutter was selected and divided into three types such as ridge top cutter, ridge side cutter and ridge bottom cutter, and reasonable arrangement was made according to the ridge shape size to realize the imitation ridge operation. The use of side transmission and  synchronous drive mode was to ensure that the crushing tool roller power was sufficient and stable. With the limited depth adjustment device, the working height could be adjusted to prevent damage to the potato block. The prototype trial production and field test were completed. The test results showed that when the forward speed of the tractor was 3.6 km/h, the qualified rate of the cutting length of the sweet potato killing machine was 92%, the planting height was 13.5 mm, the missing rate was 3.3%, and the damage rate was 0.66%, which met the requirements of use.

针对现有通用薯类杀秧机漏打率、伤薯率高等问题，设计一款特色甘薯杀秧机。该机具由作业拖拉机提供牵引力及作业动力，作业时，甘薯秧蔓在粉碎甩刀、护罩及定刀的共同作用下被打击、揉搓、剪切成碎段，并抛撒至田间。机具包括机架、传动系统、挑秧装置、粉碎装置、悬挂系统等部件，前端两侧设计挑秧机构，由挑秧齿、挑秧板、仿形板及压缩弹簧组成，可将薯垄两侧及垄底薯秧挑起粉碎；选用直刀型粉碎刀并将粉碎刀分为垄顶刀、垄侧刀及垄底刀三种类型，根据垄形尺寸对粉碎刀进行合理布置，实现仿垄形作业；采用分侧传送，同步驱动方式，保证作业过程粉碎刀辊动力充足平稳；配有限深调节装置，可以调整作业高度，防止损伤薯块，并完成样机试制和田间试验。试验结果表明：在拖拉机前进速度为3.6 km/h时，甘薯杀秧机切碎长度合格率为92%、留秧高度为13.5 mm、漏打率为3.3%、伤薯率为0.66%，满足使用要求。