Enhancing agricultural green total factor productivity is the only way to promote agricultural green transformation. Based on the panel data from 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China, this paper measures the agricultural green total factor productivity by utilizing the super-efficient SBM, and empirically analyzes the impact mechanism of rural population aging on agricultural greening total factor productivity by using the fixed effect model, the mediation effect model and the threshold model. The research shows that rural population aging has an inhibitory effect on agricultural greening total factor productivity, with a decrease of 0.59 units for every unit of deepening of the aging rural population, and the aging of the rural population has a mitigating effect on the negative impact of agricultural green total factor productivity by promoting the development of agricultural machinery services. Additionally, the impact of rural population aging on agricultural green total factor productivity decreases in descending order in the central, western, and eastern regions. Finally, the study identifies several factors that affect agricultural green total factor productivity. The text should also adhere to conventional academic structure and formatting, with clear and concise sentences and a logical flow of information. The aging of the rural population should be viewed dialectically in order to accelerate the transformation of agricultural production methods, improve the agricultural socialized service system, promote the greening of agricultural production, and facilitate the reasonable flow of factors between regions while reducing regional differences.

提升农业绿色全要素生产率是推动农业绿色转型的必由路径。基于全国30个省（市、自治区）面板数据，利用超效率SBM测算农业绿色全要素生产率，运用固定效应模型、中介效应模型和门槛模型实证分析农村人口老龄化对农业绿色全要素生产率的作用机制，研究表明：农村人口老龄化对农业绿色全要素生产率的整体影响为抑制作用，农村人口老龄化每加深1个单位，农业绿色全要素生产率则减少 0.59个单位；农村人口老龄化通过促进农机服务的发展进而缓解其对农业绿色全要素生产率的负面影响。因此，应重视农村人口老龄化问题，加快农业生产方式转变；完善农业社会化服务体系，推动农业生产绿色化；促进地区间要素合理流动，缩小区域差异。