Abstract: In view of the problems of easy adhesion, high resistance and high energy consumption of the current moldboard plough in the process of cotton field soil ploughing, this research was based on two typical cotton field soils. Taking the plough body, cotton field soil and the interaction between them as the research object, a method combining the optimization of plough surface model and bionic surface structure was proposed. Taking the scale triangular arc structure of pangolin body surface and the convex hull structure of dung beetle body surface as the bionic prototype, a bionic desorption drag reduction plough body in cotton field was developed. The physical and chemical properties of two kinds of cotton soil were measured and the discrete element model was established. The simulation comparison test of tillage resistance between traditional plough and bionic plough was carried out. In No.1 soil sample, the bionic plough reduced the resistance by 5.4% compared with the traditional plough, and the soil viscosity reduction performance increased by 44.15%. In No.2 soil sample, the bionic plough reduced the resistance by 7.8% compared with the traditional plough, and the soil viscosity reduction performance was improved by 45.49%. The research results showed that the bionic plough had an obvious effect on reducing the viscosity and resistance of cotton soil.

Key words: agricultural machinery, cotton soil, bionic plough, discrete element method, viscosity resistance and drag reduction

摘要： 针对当前铧式犁在棉田土壤犁耕作业过程中易黏附、阻力大、能耗高等问题,立足两种典型棉田土壤,以犁体、棉田土壤和两者之间的相互作用为研究对象,提出犁体曲面模型优化和表面结构仿生相结合的方法。以穿山甲体表的鳞片三角圆弧状结构和蜣螂体表的凸包结构相结合作为仿生原型,研制一种棉田仿生脱附减阻犁体,分别对两种棉田土壤的物理和化学特性进行试验测定并建立离散元模型。进行传统犁体与仿生犁体的耕作过程仿真与试验,在1号土样中仿生犁体相对传统犁体减阻5.4%,土壤减粘性能提升44.15%;在2号土样中仿生犁体相对传统犁体减阻7.8%,土壤减粘性能提升45.49%,研究结果表明仿生犁体对棉田土壤减粘降阻效果明显。

关键词: 农业机械, 棉田土壤, 仿生犁体, 离散元, 抗黏减阻