农业机械化对农民收入的影响——基于德阳市区域面板数据的实证分析

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2025.07.048

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 明晰德阳市农业机械化对农民收入的影响机制，通过农用机械总动力、节水灌溉类机械及农用水泵3个自变量，综合揭示农业机械化对农民收入的影响效应，并提出推进农业机械化促进农民收入增长的建议。基于2011—2022年德阳市县域层面的面板数据，以农民可支配收入为研究对象，构建双向固定效应模型来分析农用机械总动力、节水灌溉类机械和农用水泵等对农民收入的影响，实证检验农业机械化各指标对农民收入的影响效应。农业机械化通过农用机械总动力和节水灌溉类机械对农民收入产生显著的正向效应，农用机械总动力每增加10 MW，促进农民人均可支配收入增加4 350元，节水灌溉类机械每增加1套，促进农民人均可支配收入增加534元；而农用水泵对农民收入起抑制作用，对农民人均可支配收入影响产生显著的负向效应，农用水泵每增加1台，农民人均可支配收入减少7 160元。建议政府加强农村基础设施和配套设备的完善；提升农业机械技术创新水平和农业机械效率；提高农机购置补贴额度和补贴范围，完善农机服务体系，降低农机售后服务费用。

关键词: 农业机械化, 农民收入, 双向固定效应模型, 农业作业效率, 劳动力转移

Abstract: This paper clarifes the influence mechanism of agricultural mechanization on farmers income in Deyang City, comprehensively reveals the influence effect of agricultural mechanization on farmers income through three independent variables such as total power of agricultural machinery, water-saving irrigation machinery and agricultural water pump, and puts forward suggestions on promoting agricultural mechanization to promote farmers income growth. Based on the panel data of Deyang City and county level from 2011 to 2022 and taking the disposable income of farmers as the research object, this paper constructed a two-way fixed effect model to analyze the impact of total power of agricultural machinery, water-saving irrigation machinery and agricultural water pump on farmers income, and empirically tested the impact of various indicators of agricultural mechanization on farmers income.Agricultural mechanization had a significant positive effect on farmers income through the total power of agricultural machinery and water-saving irrigation machinery. Every increase of 10MW of total power of agricultural machinery increased farmers per capita disposable income by 4 350 yuan, and every increase of one set of water-saving irrigation machinery increased farmers per capita disposable income by 534 yuan. The agricultural water pump inhibited farmers income, and had a significant negative effect on farmers per capita disposable income. Every increase of one agricultural pump reduced farmers per capita disposable income by 7 160 yuan. It is suggested that the government should strengthen the improvement of rural infrastructure and supporting equipment, improve the technical innovation level of agricultural machinery and agricultural machinery efficiency, increase the amount and scope of subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery, improve the service system for agricultural machinery, and reduce the cost of after-sales service for agricultural machinery.

Key words: agricultural mechanization, farmers‘ income, bidirectional fixed effect model, agricultural operation efficiency, labor transfer

中图分类号:

F303.3

黄芬, 程晓林, 肖铁忠. 农业机械化对农民收入的影响——基于德阳市区域面板数据的实证分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(7): 346-352.

Huang Fen, Cheng Xiaolin, Xiao Tiezhong. Impact of agricultural mechanization on farmers’ income: Empirical analysis based on regional panel data of Deyang City[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 46(7): 346-352.

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