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中国农机化学报

中国农机化学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 1-4.DOI: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2025.06.001

• 农业装备工程 •    下一篇

油菜分段机收可行性分析及推广建议

杨瑶,李曦,吴传云   

  1. (农业农村部农业机械化总站,北京市,100122)
  • 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-05-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2000504)

Feasibility analysis and suggestions for segmented machine harvesting of rapeseed

Yang Yao, Li Xi, Wu Chuanyun   

  1. (China Agricultural Mechanization Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100122, China)
  • Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-05-20

摘要:

油菜分段机收具有损失率减少、适应性提高、菜籽品质提升、总体效益增加等优势,同时,油菜分段机收也反映出需要晾晒条件、生产效率降低、作业成本上升等劣势。通过调研走访和实地测试,得出意见和建议:一是联合机收仍是适合当前油菜生产实际的主要收获方式;二是油菜分段机收需要充分考虑农民和机手意愿,引导有晾晒条件的适宜区域和开展规模化种植的合适主体推广应用分段机收;三是统筹联合机收与分段机收,因地制宜,分类推进。

关键词: 油菜, 分段机收, 联合机收, 推广应用, 可行性建议

Abstract:

Segmented machine harvesting of rapeseed offers several advantages, including reduced loss rates, improved adaptability, improved rapeseed quality, and increased overall benefits. However, it also presents certain drawbacks, such as the need for drying conditions, reduced production efficiency, and higher operating costs. Based on research visits and on‑site testing, several key insights and recommendations were identified. First, combined mechanical harvesting remains the primary harvesting method suitable for current practical rapeseed production. Second, segmented machine harvesting should take into account the preferences of farmers and machine operators. It is essential to guide its application in areas with favorable drying conditions and large‑scale planting potential to promote its adoption. Third, a coordinated approach that integrates machine harvesting with segmented machine harvesting should be pursued, adapting to local conditions and promoting appropriate classification.

Key words: rapeseed, segmented harvesting, combined mechanical harvesting, promotion and application, feasibility suggestion

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