电驱式玉米高速作业播种机控制系统设计与试验

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2024.03.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国市面上流行的玉米播种机多数采用指夹式排种器和气吸式排种器，依靠地轮传递带动排种器排种，在一定程度上提高播种粒距均匀性，但排种仍然会受到地轮打滑的影响。针对以上问题，设计电驱式玉米高速作业智能播种机控制系统，以STM32F103芯片作为主控器核心，该系统由地轮安装速度传感器测量机具速度，根据智能车载终端设置的作业参数，通过算法计算目标排种电机转速，实现播种株距与机具前进速度实时匹配，采用红外光电式传感器进行实时播种监测。室内试验和田间试验结果表明：该系统转速控制精度高，播种计数和漏播监测精度较高；设置株距为25 cm时，作业速度分别为8 km/h、10 km/h、12 km/h进行3组重复试验，在3种作业速度下，平均合格指数分别为95.18%、94.36%、91.24%；变异系数分别为15.36%、16.83%、18.24%。

关键词: 玉米播种机, 控制系统, 电驱式, 高速作业, 智能化

Abstract: Most of the popular corn planters in China use pickup finger seed metering device and air suction seed metering device, depending on the land wheel transmission to drive the seed metering device seeding, which can improve the uniformity of seed spacing to a certain extent, but the seed seeding is still affected by the slip of the ground wheel. In order to solve the above problems, this paper designed the control system of electric drive maize highspeed operation intelligent seeder. STM32F103 chip was used as the core of the master controller. The system measured the speed of the machine and tool by the proximity switch installed by the ground wheel. Infrared photoelectric sensor was used for realtime seeding monitoring. The results of laboratory test and field experiment showed that the system had high precision of speed control, sowing count and missing sowing monitoring. When the plant spacing was set to 25cm, the operation speed was 8km/h, 10km/h and 12km/h, respectively. The average qualified indexes under the three operation speeds were 95.18%, 94.36% and 91.24% respectively. The variation coefficients were 15.36%, 16.83% and 18.24%, respectively.

Key words: corn seeder, control system, electric driving, high speed operation, intelligentize

中图分类号:

S223.2

蒋振晗, , 王钰旭, , 魏逸飞, , 于艳, 孙永佳, , 孙宜田, . 电驱式玉米高速作业播种机控制系统设计与试验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(3): 24-30.

Jiang Zhenhan, , Wang Yuxu, , Wei Yifei, , Yu Yan, Sun Yongjia, , Sun Yitian, . Design and experiment of control system of electric drive corn high speed operation seeder[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(3): 24-30.

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