It is an important indicator for the design of the suspension system of tractors in hilly and mountainous areas to ensure the optimal matching state between traction and plowing depth when the tractor is working on hilly terrain or hard soil. Proportional electromagnets is the main component of throttle valve electromechanical conversion,  its performance is of great significance in controlling throttle opening and achieving proportional adjustment of flow rate. This article focuses on the operational requirements of the suspension system of tractors in hilly and mountainous areas and the design requirements of the hydraulic proportional valve, a pilot throttle valve proportional solenoid for adjusting the attitude of the suspension hydraulic system is designed, and the key structural parameters of proportional solenoid are calculated. A mathematical model of the solenoid is established, and the impact of Maxwell on the flow characteristics of the valve group is simulated and analyzed. At the same time, genetic algorithm was used to optimize parameters such as the thickness of the magnetic isolation guide sleeve, the angle of the magnetic isolation ring, the width of the magnetic isolation ring, and the depth of the stator core. Finally, Maxwell was used to conduct finite element analysis of the optimized proportional electromagnet before and after optimization. The simulation results revealed that the electromagnetic force of the optimized proportional electromagnet was almost parallel to the Xaxis between 1-3 mm, and had better displacement force characteristics. The mathematical model of the pilot throttle valve was established, and its dynamic and static characteristics were simulated by Simulink so as to verify the rationality of the designed proportional solenoid parameters.

During the operation of hydraulic equipment, sudden increases in load can cause hydraulic shock due to step responses in the hydraulic system. Severe hydraulic shock can damage hydraulic components and reduce working efficiency. This article explains the various methods of shock suppression from four aspects as follows: power components, actuator elements, control elements, and auxiliary elements in hydraulic systems. Signal feedback is used in power components to reduce the pump speed during reversing operation, thereby reducing the output flow rate to achieve hydraulic shock suppression. Buffers are typically used in hydraulic cylinders for shock suppression, while research on the speed fluctuation of hydraulic motors is mainly used to solve pulsation problems, which can also have an effect on shock suppression. Research on control elements mainly focuses on the interaction of various valve components and the slowing down of hydraulic shock by increasing the response speed of valve components. Research on auxiliary elements mainly focuses on optimizing and designing the structure of accumulators, and introduces the application characteristics of biomimetic pipes and dampers for absorbing hydraulic shock. Finally, it is proposed that multidisciplinary innovation can be used to analyze and improve traditional hydraulic components to suppress hydraulic shock under extreme conditions such as high pressure and high flow rates.

As an important part of high clearance selfpropelled sprayer, the steering system directly affects the handling stability, driving smoothness and spraying efficiency of the sprayer. A reasonable steering transmission mechanism can effectively reduce the side slip and tire wear during the steering process of the sprayer. According to the structural characteristics and operating environment of the high clearance selfpropelled sprayer, combined with the design requirements of the steering system, on the basis of the design and calculation of the steering positioning parameters, a steering transmission mechanism suitable for high clearance selfpropelled sprayer was designed, meanwhile, the threedimensional model was established, the parallel wheel jump test was conducted by ADAMS/Car, and the steering positioning parameters were optimized using ADAMS/Insight. The simulation results revealed that in the simulation test of the optimized steering system with a wheel jump amplitude of ±50 mm, the change range of the front wheel toein was reduced by 72%, the change range of the front wheel camber angle was reduced by 58.4%, and the change range of the vertical axis inclination angle was reduced by 16.9%, the change was significantly smaller and more gradual, which improved the handling stability of the whole vehicle and reduced the tire wear during the steering process. Based on the selfdeveloped 3WPG-3000 high clearance selfpropelled spray, a real vehicle test platform for the steering system was built, and the concentric steering trajectory of the spray under different steering modes was measured by the GPS equipment. The test results revealed that the steering radius was 6.85 m under twowheel steering mode and 5.12 m under fourwheel steering mode. At the same time, the designed steering system could complete the concentric circle rotation well in different modes, which could meet the steering requirements of the sprayer under different working conditions.

Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, Jincheng City has introduced and implemented a series of policies and achieved certain achievements in promoting agricultural economic growth. However, in this process, problems such as the failure of the agricultural economy to achieve sustained and stable growth and the lack of growth momentum appeared again. In order to solve the above problems and promote the increase of agricultural production and income in Jincheng, this paper uses the agricultural added value, effective irrigation area, chemical fertilizer application amount, agricultural film usage amount and pesticide usage recorded in the “2010—2019 Yangcheng County Statistical Yearbook”. Five indicators data, using multiple linear regression analysis method to empirically analyze the influencing factors of agricultural economic growth in Jincheng. The results show that the effective irrigation area, agricultural film usage and pesticide usage can promote the growth of Jinchengs agricultural economy. Among them, agricultural film usage has the greatest impact, followed by pesticide usage and effective irrigation area. Based on the above research conclusions, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures. It is considered that it is very important to attach importance to the promotion and application of agricultural science and technology, vigorously training professional agricultural science and technology R&D personnel, increase financial support for agricultural expenditures, and insist on agricultural green development to promote agricultural economic growth in Jincheng City.

Aiming at the problem that automatic picking robots cannot quickly and accurately identify fruit and vegetable targets in the complex environments with different lighting, overlapping shadows and large fields of viewm, an improved YOLOv5 algorithm is proposed for fruit and vegetable detection in complex environments. Firstly, Convolutional Block Attention Module is embedded in the CBL module in the backbone network to improve the extraction capability of target features. Secondly, Complete IOU Nonmaximum suppression is introduced to improve the regression accuracy by considering the aspectedge length real difference. Finally, the original YOLOv5 path aggregation network is replaced with a Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network. The results of this experiment, using Apple as an example, show that the accuracy of the improved YOLOv5 algorithm is 94.7%, the recall is 87%, the average accuracy is 92.5%, which is 3.5% higher than the AP of the original YOLOv5 algorithm, and the detection time under GPU is 11 ms, achieving fast and accurate recognition of fruits and vegetables under complex situations.

Yam planting in China has a long history and a wide range. Due to its own growth characteristics, geographical environment and planting mode, the mechanization degree of yam harvesting is relatively low, and manual harvesting is mostly used. With the development of industrial structure, the development degree of yam harvesting mechanization directly affects the economic benefits of farmers. This paper analyzes the planting characteristics of several yams in China, summarizes the main harvesting methods of several yams in China, expounds the research status and progress of main harvesting equipment and technology of yams such as walking system, transmission system, trenching system, soil turning vibration mechanism and positioning system, and briefly discusses the research on yam harvester in foreign countries. On this basis, it is pointed out that the mechanization of yam harvesting in China faces problems such as insufficient integration of agricultural machinery and planting environment, inconsistent planting mode, poor quality of harvesting machines and tools, lack of innovation and imperfect harvesting function, and relevant suggestions are put forward for the problems faced by the mechanized harvesting equipment of Yam as follows: developing the mechanized harvesting equipment of yam according to local conditions. Promoting the construction of planting regulations, learning from the development experience of developed countries, improving the innovation ability of core components, and developing combine harvesters.

 Seed quality is of great significance for increasing yield and harvest. Therefore, this paper proposes a method of extracting single cotton seed and automatically identifying damaged cotton seed based on machine vision.In this study, the maximum class method was used to automatically select the threshold value. The expansion processing and the region attribute measurement function was also used to extract the single cottonseed image. Wavelet denoising based on improved threshold was used to enhance the image. Through the study of numerous singlegrain cottonseed images, the optimal threshold for segmenting the damaged and the whole cottonseed was found. The damaged area features were obtained by multiplying the segmented images and morphological processing. Finally, the damaged cottonseeds were identified using the method of obtaining the connected region designed into a software with Matlab App Designer.The average accuracy of this system to damaged cottonseed was 89%, which was better than soft threshold function, hard threshold function and softhard threshold compromise function with average accuracy of 83.5%, 85% and 87.5%, respectively.

Ginger is an economical crop for both medicine and food, and its mechanized planting is of great significance in saving labor costs and improving economic benefits. This article first takes the related patents of mechanized ginger planting as the research object, starting from the macro and micro aspects, combs and summarizes the research focus and development trend of ginger mechanized planting technology. The paper then takes the representative equipment as the foothold, combined with the patent evolution process, and focuses on the development status of tillage machinery and seeding machinery. It is concluded that lowdamage precision planting of ginger seeds can reduce the damage of ginger seeds while ensuring that the buds are placed in the sun. It is the most difficult challenge in realizing mechanized ginger planting. And automation and intelligence are the development trend of ginger mechanized planting technology.

In order to solve the problem of high manufacturing cost of electric tractors, an optimization method of electric tractor power supply system based on working conditions and the retired lithiumion battery was proposed. In this paper, the sorted retired lithiumion battery monomer was used to match the parameters of the power supply system of the electric tractor, and the parameters of the battery PNGV equivalent circuit model were identified. Based on the operating conditions and retired lithiumion battery, the objective function was designed for the optimal economy of the electric tractor, the constraints were formulated according to the power demand and endurance time of the electric tractor, and the parameters of the power supply system of electric tractors were optimized. The optimization results were verified by an example calculation. The optimization scheme of the power supply system of the electric tractor was compared with the new battery using the retired lithiumion battery. The results showed that the parameter matching method can meet the user needs of the electric tractor and reduce the cost of the power supply system through the retired lithiumion power supply system. The group price was 29.4% of the new battery, and the comprehensive cost was 36.9% of the new battery, which can provide a reference for the design of the retired lithiumion battery power supply system of electric tractors.

In order to further study the influence of the operating parameters of the rotary tillage cotton sealer on its soil taking amount, and then find out the optimal combination of operating parameters to meet the requirements, the secondary rotation orthogonal combination test was carried out with the operating speed of the rotary tillage cotton sealer, the rotation speed of the cutter shaft, the penetration depth of the rotary tillage cutter and the number of rotary tillage cutters with a single cutter head as the experimental factors and the crosssectional area of the soil sealing belt as the response value， the mathematical model between each factor and the crosssectional area of the soil sealing zone is constructed, and the interaction of each factor is analyzed in combination with the response curve, select the optimal operation parameters combination: The operating speed is 0.9 m/s, the rotation speed of the cutter shaft is 170 r/min, the depth of the rotary cultivator is 90 mm, and the number of the single rotary cultivator is 8. Field validation tests showed that the combination had the highest working efficiency, with a working speed of 0.9 m/s, a tool shaft rotation speed of 170 r/min, a depth of 90 mm, and 8 single rotary tiller blades. The average crosssection area of the soil sealing zone was 9 844.39 mm2, which was significantly improved compared with that before optimization. It shows that the optimized calculation of operation parameters of the device is accurate and reliable.

Due to the change of the ridge spacing of sugarcane plants, it is difficult for the conventional cultivator to control the quality of soil cultivation on both sides of the ridge, which causes inadequate soil cultivation, i.e., the “crater”phenomenon. We thus developed a multi-functional sugarcane intertillage cultivator and proposed a machine learning-based method to locate and identify sugarcane seedlings and calculate the coordinate classification during the intertillage period. Based on the YOLOv4 network, the method established a recognition model, which identifies and locates the area between the roots and the soil and accesses the coordinates. Then, the Support Vector Machine divided the coordinate data into two groups and processed them separately in real-time to obtain the tilt value. Finally, the data were adjusted according to the tilt value to modify the quantity and direction of soil supply. The results of the present study indicate that in use of the YOLOv4 recognition model, the recognition accuracy can reach 95.50%, and the classification accuracy using the SVM is 92.60%, which realizes the real-time dynamic recognition and classification calculation of sugarcane seedlings in the intertillage period, and provided data foundation for the development of intelligent sugarcane protection and joint operation machinery.

 Given the low density of cotton stalk compression baling and the poor reliability of compression baling equipment, the single factor and central combination tests of cotton stalk compression baling were carried out using the designed baling test bench of cotton stalk. In the test, cotton stalk moisture content, cotton stalk cutting length, cotton stalk feed amount, and compression piston compression frequency were taken as the test factors. The compression piston end face pressure, compression chamber pressure, and baling density of cotton stalk were taken as the test performance indexes. The regression equation between each test factor and test performance index was established. The influence rule of each test factor on the performance index was determined, optimization calculation was carried out, and the optimization results were verified by the tests. The results showed that the optimal combination of cotton stalk compression baling had cotton stalk moisture content of 30%, cotton stalk cutting length of 25 cm, cotton stalk feed amount of 2.15 kg/s, compression piston compression frequency of 110 times/min, compression piston end pressure of 13.84 kN, compression chamber pressure of 3.36 kN, and cotton straw baling density of 145.83 kg/m3, which provided theoretical guidance for the design of cotton stalk compression and baling machine.