Abstract: In order to solve the problem of high manufacturing cost of electric tractors, an optimization method of electric tractor power supply system based on working conditions and the retired lithiumion battery was proposed. In this paper, the sorted retired lithiumion battery monomer was used to match the parameters of the power supply system of the electric tractor, and the parameters of the battery PNGV equivalent circuit model were identified. Based on the operating conditions and retired lithiumion battery, the objective function was designed for the optimal economy of the electric tractor, the constraints were formulated according to the power demand and endurance time of the electric tractor, and the parameters of the power supply system of electric tractors were optimized. The optimization results were verified by an example calculation. The optimization scheme of the power supply system of the electric tractor was compared with the new battery using the retired lithiumion battery. The results showed that the parameter matching method can meet the user needs of the electric tractor and reduce the cost of the power supply system through the retired lithiumion power supply system. The group price was 29.4% of the new battery, and the comprehensive cost was 36.9% of the new battery, which can provide a reference for the design of the retired lithiumion battery power supply system of electric tractors.

Key words: electric tractor, retired lithiumion battery, PNGV model, genetic algorithm, power optimization

摘要： 针对电动拖拉机制造成本高的问题，提出一种基于作业工况和退役锂离子电池的电动拖拉机电源系统优化方法。采用分选后的退役锂离子电池单体对电动拖拉机电源系统进行参数匹配，对电池PNGV等效电路模型进行参数辨识后，基于作业工况和退役锂离子电池，以电动拖拉机经济性最优为目标设计目标函数，以电动拖拉机功率需求与续航时间要求制定约束条件，对电动拖拉机电源系统进行参数优化。以实例计算对优化结果进行试验验证，采用退役锂离子电池对电动拖拉机电源系统优化方案与新电池进行对比。结果表明：该参数匹配方法通过退役锂离子电源系统，可满足电动拖拉机使用需求，并降低电源系统成本。成组价格为新电池的29.4%，综合成本为新电池的36.9%，可为电动拖拉机退役锂离子电池电源系统设计提供参考。

关键词: 电动拖拉机, 退役锂离子电池, PNGV模型, 遗传算法, 电源优化