Abstract: The whole process mechanized production of 113 standardized mutton sheep enterprises in 13 provinces and autonomous regions in China was investigated through the national mutton sheep industry technical system, local animal husbandry authorities  and other organizations. The results showed that there were 20 large mutton sheep cultivation enterprises with more than 10 000 sheep, accounting for 17.70%, including 8 large enterprises with more than 30 000 sheep, accounting for only 7.08%, there were 75 small and mediumscaled enterprises (less than 5 000 sheep), accounting for 66.37%. According to the cultivation quantities, the mechanized levels of forage processing, feeding, drinking water, fecal cleaning, disinfection and loading and unloading equipment in the process of cultivation were analyzed. The automatic drinking water was the highest proportion (63.9%), followed by mechanized fecal cleaning (62.9%), disinfection mechanization (42.4%) and TMR feeding (41.3%), and the harmful gas detection in the house was the lowest proportion (8.3%). The level of mechanized production has increased with the expanded quantities of mutton sheep scale. The factors which affect the level of mechanized production are mainly due to the low efficiency and benefit of mutton sheep production, the low level of standardized and industrialized production which is reflected in the large difference in the mechanization level of different regions and different production process, the weak basic research of mutton sheep machinery and equipment, the poor ability of scientific and technological innovation, the low degree of product standardization, and the poor maintenance and supporting services. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the technical demonstration, promote demonstration samples and industrial supervision, gradually establish a supervision service system that is commensurate with the level of aquaculture mechanization, increase basic research, enhance scientific and technological innovation ability, study and formulate relevant industry standards, and promote industry standardized production.

Key words: mutton sheep, machanization of aquacnture, scaling, production efficiency, industry standard

摘要： 通过国家肉羊产业技术体系、地方畜牧主管部门等组织，对全国13个省市、自治区的113家规模化羊场全程机械化养殖情况进行调研，结果存（出）栏羊规模1万只以上的有20家，占比17.70%，其中3万只以上大型养羊企业8家，仅占7.08%； 中小规模羊场（5000只以下）75家，占比66.37%。按照羊场养殖规模分别对饲草料加工、饲喂、饮水、清粪、消毒、装卸羊等各生产环节机械化水平进行统计分析，自动化饮水占比最高为63.9%，其次为机械化清粪（62.9%）、消毒机械化（42.4%）和TMR饲喂（41.3%），舍内有害气体检测占比最低，仅为8.3%。养殖各生产环节机械化水平随着养殖规模的扩大而提高。影响养殖各生产环节机械化水平的因素主要是肉羊生产本身效率和效益较低，标准化、产业化生产水平低等，表现在不同地域、不同养殖环节机械化水平差异大，肉羊机械装备基础研究薄弱、科技创新能力差，产品标准化程度低，售后维修配套服务差等，建议加强宣传和示范推广工作，加强行业监管，逐步建立与养殖机械化发展水平相适应的监督服务体系，加大基础研究，增强科技创新能力，研究制定相关行业标准，推动行业标准化生产。

关键词: 肉羊, 养殖机械化, 规模化, 生产效益, 行业标准