Abstract: Xinjiang is one of the main cotton producing areas in China. The development of cotton in Xinjiang is related to the sustainable and healthy development of cotton industry in China. Based on the threestage DEA model, taking 42 counties in Xinjiang as research object, the cotton production efficiency from 2009 to 2019 was measured and the temporal and spatial characteristics were analyzed. The empirical results showed that environmental factors had a significant impact on cotton production efficiency, and there were obvious temporal and spatial differences, among which, after excluding environmental factors, the cotton production efficiency in Xinjiang decreased from 0.829 to 0.707. In terms of regional comparison，it was 0.509 in eastern Xinjiang, 0.716 in southern Xinjiang and 0.717 in Northern Xinjiang. At the county level, the cotton production efficiency of Shawan County, Yuli County, Kuqa County, Shaya County, Awati County, Shache county and Bachu county increased, and the cotton production efficiency of the other 35 counties decreased. During the study period, the cotton production efficiency of Xinjiang fluctuated year by year. After adjustment, the changes of cotton production efficiency in the whole Xinjiang and the northern and southern Xinjiang tended to be consistent, and the efficiency gap with the eastern Xinjiang was increasing.

Key words: cotton production efficiency, threestage DEA, temporal and spatial characteristics, environmental factor； mechanized production of cotton

摘要： 新疆是我国主产棉区之一，新疆棉花的发展关系到我国棉花产业的持续健康发展。以新疆42个县为研究对象，基于三阶段DEA模型测算2009—2019年的棉花生产效率并分析时空特征。实证结果表明：环境因素对棉花生产效率的影响显著，存在明显的时空差异。其中：剔除环境因素后，全疆的棉花生产效率从0.829下降到0.707；各地区比较来看，东疆为0.509，北疆为0.716，南疆为0.717；从县域层面看，沙湾县、尉犁县、库车县、沙雅县、阿瓦提县、莎车县和巴楚县的棉花生产效率有所提升，其余35个县的棉花生产效率出现下降的现象；在研究期间，新疆的棉花生产效率呈现逐年波动发展，调整后全疆与南北疆地区的棉花生产效率变化趋于一致，与东疆的效率差距不断增大。

关键词: 棉花生产效率, 三阶段DEA, 时空特征, 环境因素, 棉花机械化生产