Abstract:  Research on the technical efficiency of crop production between China and Russia is of great significance for comparing the advantages of agricultural production efficiency and promoting the agricultural production cooperation between the two countries. Based on the Threestage DEA method, this paper selected the potato production data of 31 Provinces in China and 79 states in Russia in 2017 and evaluated the technical efficiency of potato production in China and Russia under the influence of land quality factors. The results of the onestage DEA test showed that the technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency of Russian potato crops were higher than those of China. This indicated that the production technology and management level of Russian potato crops were higher, and the scale of returns of Chinese and Russian potato production was increasing. After eliminating the influence of land quality factors in different regions, the situation had changed greatly. The technical efficiency and scale efficiency of potato crops in China were significantly higher, indicating that the production technology of potato crops in China was significantly higher, while the pure technical efficiency was slightly higher in Russia. At the same time, the increasing trend of returns to scale of potato production in the two countries was more obvious. The conclusion of the study had a certain reference value for analyzing the level of agricultural production technology and production management in China and Russia and strengthening agricultural cooperation.

Key words: technical efficiency, China and Russia, agricultural cooperation, threestage DEA model

摘要： 研究中俄两国之间农作物生产技术效率,对于比较两国农业生产效率优势,促进两国之间的农业生产合作具有重要意义。采用三阶段DEA方法,选取中国31个省份和俄罗斯79个州的薯类2017年的生产数据,在清除土地质量因素影响下,对中俄两国的薯类作物生产技术效率进行评价。研究发现:(1)一阶段DEA测试结果显示,俄罗斯薯类作物生产技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率都高于中国,表明俄罗斯薯类作物的生产技术和管理水平高于中国,且中俄两国的薯类生产均为规模报酬递增。(2)在去除各个地区的土地质量因素影响后,情况发生较大变化,中国薯类作物的技术效率、规模效率显著地高于俄罗斯,表明中国的薯类作物的生产技术明显高于俄罗斯,而纯技术效率俄罗斯略高一些。同时两国薯类作物生产的规模报酬递增趋势更为明显。研究结论对于分析中俄两国的农业生产技术、生产管理水平,促进中俄农业合作具有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 技术效率, 中俄, 农业合作, 三阶段DEA模型