Abstract: In order to testify the mechanical condition of harvesting castor, the tensile properties and bending properties of capsulepeduncle node, stempeduncle node and different growing parts of stem were tested. The results showed that the tensile force and tensile strength of capsulepeduncle node were 3.31-6.74 N and 3.48-8.31 MPa at ripening stage, 190-4.15 N and 2.42-5.28 MPa at harvesting stage. The tensile force and tensile strength of stempeduncle node were 15.78-37.07 N and 19.70-34.66 MPa. The tensile force, elastic modulus and tensile strength of stem bark were 56.99-130.42 N, 160.99-203.80 MPa and 28.50-65.21 MPa. The bending force, bending section modulus and bending strength of stem were 15.20-91.04 N, 31.53-173.07 MPa and 19.27-21.04 MPa. The analysis results indicated that there were significant differences between the connection strength of capsulepeduncle node, connection strength of stempeduncle node, stem tensile strength and stem bending strength, which proved that capsulepeduncle node was easiest to fracture in the process of picking, followed by stempeduncle node. By reasonably designing the working parameters of picking parts, the harvester can just pick the castor capsule without destroying the stem.

Key words: castor, peduncle, stem, mechanical properties

摘要： 为研究蓖麻力学条件，对蓖麻的果—柄接点、茎—柄接点和茎秆不同生长部位的抗拉特性、抗弯特性进行力学测试。结果表明：成熟期果—柄抗拉力和抗拉强度分别为3.31～6.74 N、3.48～8.31 MPa，收获期果—柄抗拉力和抗拉强度分别为1.90～4.15 N、2.42～5.28 MPa；茎—柄抗拉力和抗拉强度分别为15.78～37.07 N、19.70～3466 MPa；茎秆的抗拉力、弹性模量和抗拉强度分别为56.99～130.42 N、160.99～203.80 MPa、2850～65.21 MPa，茎秆的抗弯力、弯曲截面模量和抗弯强度分别为15.20～91.04 N、31.53～173.07 MPa、19.27～21.04 MPa。分析试验结果可知，果—柄连结强度与茎—柄连结强度、茎秆抗拉强度及抗弯强度之间存在显著性差异，证明在采摘过程中蓖麻果—柄接点更易分离，其次是茎—柄接点，通过合理设计采摘部件工作参数，可以实现只采收蓖麻蒴果，而较少破坏茎秆。

关键词: 蓖麻, 果柄, 茎秆, 力学特性