Abstract: In order to provide a design basis and related parameters for the cutting device of a grape seedling grafting machine, a measuring device for cutting parameters of grape seedlings was developed. The device consisted of a cutting module, measurement and control module, and support module, which could control the grafting tool to cut at the set speed and record cutting resistance, displacement, and speed parameters in real time. The cutting resistance and cutting surface quality of SO4 grape rootstock with cutting parameters were experimentally studied. The experimental results showed that increasing the cutting speed could reduce the section structure. The ideal section quality could be obtained when the cutting speed was ≥4 mm/s. When the cutting speed of rootstock with a thickness of 7.5-10.5 mm was controlled between 4-10 mm/s, the maximum cutting resistance was the smallest, which could be called the best cutting speed. The maximum cutting work in the optimal cutting speed range was about 5.05 J. In the optimum cutting speed range, the cutting resistance increased with the increase of rootstock coarseness, and the maximum cutting force was 728 N. This paper could provide a reference for the design of cutting devices of grafting machines.

Key words: grafting machine, cutting device, mechanical properties, cutting parameters, section quality, root stocks

摘要： 为给葡萄苗木嫁接机的切削装置提供设计依据和相关参数，研制苗木切削参数测量装置。该装置由切削模块、测控模块和支架模块三部分组成，可控制嫁接刀按设定速度切削，并可实时记录切削阻力、位移及速度等参数。选取SO4型葡萄砧木作为研究对象，对砧木切削阻力、切面质量随切削参数的变化规律进行试验研究。试验结果表明：增大切削速度可减少切面组织损伤，一般来说，当切削速度≥4 mm/s时，即可获得较理想的切面质量；粗度7.5~10.5 mm的砧木，当切削速度控制在4～10 mm/s之间，最大切削阻力最小，可称其为合理切削速度；在合理切削速度范围中的最大切削功在5.05 J左右；在合理切削速度范围内切削阻力随砧木粗度的增加而增大，最大切削力为728 N；该研究可为嫁接机切削装置的设计提供参考依据。

关键词: 嫁接机, 切削装置, 力学特性, 切削参数, 切面质量, 砧木