Abstract: In order to grasp the research status and industry trend of CVT and electric transmission technology in agricultural machinery,  the development history,  application status,  development bottleneck,  and development trend of CVT technology in agricultural machinery were analyzed and summarized. Firstly,  the development history of CVT and electric drive in agricultural machinery was reviewed,  and the principle of CVT and electric drive system in typical agricultural machinery was introduced. Secondly,  the application status of CVT and electric transmission in agricultural machinery was summarized,  and some typical agricultural machinery was listed. Finally,  in view of the problems existing in the collaborative development of power and transmission,  the research and development of lowpower continuously variable transmission systems,  the balance between technology and cost,  and suggestions for the followup research of CVT and electric drive are put forward. The development trend is discussed. The results show that electric transmission is not enough to replace CVT in the field of agricultural machinery in the foreseeable future. The application of electric drive in agricultural machinery mainly depends on the continuous change of battery and motor technology. The energy acquisition methods of the electric drive will be diversified,  such as solar energy,  wind energy,  and regenerative energy,  which may provide power for agricultural machinery. CVT and electric transmission technology may be widely used in unmanned agricultural machinery.

Key words: continuously variable transmission, electric drive, hybrid power, tractor, unmanned driving

摘要： 为把握农业作业机械无级变速与电传动技术的研究现状与行业走向，从农机无级传动技术的发展历程、应用现状、发展瓶颈及发展趋势四个方面对其进行分析与总结。首先，回顾农机无级变速与电传动的发展历程，同时也对典型农机无级变速与电传动系统的原理进行介绍；其次，概括农机无级变速与电传动的应用现状，并列举部分典型的农业作业机械；最后，针对动力与传动的协同发展、小功率无级传动系统的研发以及技术成本之间的平衡等方面存在的问题，对无级变速与电传动的后续研究提出建议，并对其发展趋势进行探讨。结果表明：电传动在可预见的未来尚不足以在农机领域取代无级变速，两者有相互融合的可能性；电传动在农机中的应用进程主要取决于电池和电机技术的持续变革；电传动的能源获取方式将是多样化的，太阳能、风能、再生能量等均有可能为农机提供动力；无级变速与电传动技术有可能在无人驾驶农机中取得广泛应用。

关键词: 无级变速, 电传动, 混合动力, 拖拉机, 无人驾驶