Abstract: Aiming at the problem of uneven accumulation of soilstraw in smokeless wood ash furnace, an optimization model of shovelloaded mixed accumulation based on discrete element was proposed. The loading and accumulation process of soilbroken straw in smokeless wood ash furnace was studied by shovelloaded operation. Taking the bucket height, the bucket attitude angle and the shovel tip speed as the test factors, and the flatness of the accumulation profile as the test index, the threefactor and threelevel orthogonal test was designed, and the regression model of the flatness of the accumulation profile was established to obtain the influence of the test factors on the test index. The results showed that the influence of shovel tip speed, bucket attitude angle and bucket height on the flatness of stacking profile was extremely significant (P<0.01), significant (0.01<P<0.05) and not significant (P>0.05), respectively. The three test factors were optimized, and the optimal parameter combination was obtained as follows: bucket height 0.549 m, bucket attitude angle 122.1°, bucket speed 0.598 m/s, and the optimal stacking profile flatness 236.742 mm. Using EDEM to validate the optimal parameter combination, the actual stacking contour flatness of the optimal parameter combination was 223.859 mm, with a relative error of 5.442% compared to the predicted value. This study can provide reference for the optimal design of linkage shovel loading mechanism.

Key words: smokeless wood ash furnace, soilstraw, discrete element, packing flatness, shovel loading, orthogonal test

摘要： 针对无烟草木灰炉内土壤—秸秆堆积不平整问题，构建基于离散元的铲装混合堆积优化模型，通过铲装作业方式研究土壤—碎秸秆在无烟草木灰炉中的装填堆积过程。以铲斗高度、铲斗姿态角和铲尖速度为试验因素，堆积轮廓平整度为试验指标，设计三因素三水平正交试验，建立堆积轮廓平整度回归模型得出试验因素对试验指标的影响情况。结果表明，铲尖速度、铲斗姿态角、铲斗高度对堆积轮廓平整度的影响分别为极显著（P<0.01）、显著（0.01<P<0.05）、不显著（P>0.05）。对3个试验因素进行优化设计，得到最优参数组合：铲斗高度为0.549 m，铲斗姿态角为122.1°，铲尖速度为0.598 m/s，最优堆积轮廓平整度为236.742 mm。利用EDEM对最优参数组合进行验证，得出在最优参数组合时实际堆积轮廓平整度为223.859 mm，与预测值相对误差为5.442%。为连杆式铲装机构的优化设计提供参考。

关键词: 无烟草木灰炉, 土壤—秸秆, 离散元, 堆积平整度, 铲装, 正交试验