Abstract: Currently, the level of orchard mechanization in China remains significantly lower than that of rice and wheat production. This paper examines and analyzes the research status of orchard trenching and fertilization machinery from three key perspectives: orchard fertilization agronomy, the structural and technical characteristics of orchard trenching and fertilization machinery, and monitoring and control technologies for these machines. Considering the environmental conditions of major fruitgrowing regions in China, the paper explored the significance and development trends of orchard trenching and fertilization mechanization. It highlighted existing challenges, such as poor environmental adaptability and low reliability of current machinery. To address these issues, the study suggest further research on integrated orchard trenching and fertilization machines, along with the development of adaptive regulation and control technologies. Additionally, it advocates for government intervention through should policy formulation and increased support. The objective of this paper is to guide and provide a reference for the advancement of mechanized production technologies and equipment for orchard trenching and fertilization in China.

Key words: orchard, furrow fertilization, depth regulation, flow monitoring

摘要： 目前我国果园机械化程度远低于稻麦类作物的机械化水平，为此主要从果园施肥农艺、果园开沟施肥机械结构组成及技术特点、果园开沟施肥机械监测调控技术3个方面对果园开沟施肥机械的研究现状进行阐述与分析。结合我国果业种植主产区的环境特点对果园开沟施肥机械化的意义及发展趋势进行分析，指出现有机械装备存在环境适应性差、可靠性低等问题，并提出要深入开展果园开沟施肥一体机和自适应调控技术的相关研究、政府要制定相关政策并加大扶持力度等解决方案。为我国果园开沟施肥机械化生产技术装备的发展指明方向，提供参考。

关键词: 果园, 开沟施肥, 深度调节, 流量监测