Abstract: Aiming at the problems of incomplete and missing cutting in the existing leek harvester, combined with the physical characteristics of leek, a kind of leek collecting machine was designed. The structural parameters and motion parameters of the key components of the disc knife were determined, and the cutting theory was analyzed. By using MATLAB software, the motion simulation of the cutting disc was carried out when the working speed of the machine was selected as 0.2 m/s, 0.3 m/s, 0.4 m/s, 0.5 m/s respectively, and the change law of cutting area under different operating speeds was obtained. Taking the working speed of the machines and tools as the test factor, and taking the header loss rate and missed cutting loss rate as the indicators, a single factor test was carried out. Through the analysis of the test results, the working speed range of the machines and tools was determined. The results showed that when the rotating speed of the disc cutter was 3 000 r/min and the working speed was 0.4 m/s, the performance of the leek cutting and harvesting device was the best, and the average loss rate of the leek cutting table was 2.8% and the average loss rate of the missing cutting was 2.2%.

Key words: leek, disc cutting, motion simulation, harvesting machinery

摘要： 针对现有韭菜收割机作业时出现的不完整、漏割等问题,结合韭菜的物理特性,设计一种兼具扶禾、切割、收集组合式韭菜收集机械。对关键部件圆盘刀进行结构参数、运动参数的确定,开展切割理论分析;利用MATLAB软件,选取机具作业速度分别为0.2 m/s、0.3 m/s、0.4 m/s、0.5 m/s,对切割圆盘进行运动仿真,得到不同作业速度下的切割区域变化规律;以机具的作业速度为试验因素,以割台损失率、漏割损失率为指标,进行单因素试验,确定机具作业速度范围。结果表明,当韭菜收获机圆盘刀转速为3 000 r/min时,作业速度为0.4 m/s,韭菜切割收获装置性能最优,此时韭菜割台损失率均值为2.8%、漏割损失率均值为2.2%。

关键词: 韭菜, 圆盘切割, 运动仿真, 收获机械