Abstract: Potato seed metering device is the core working component to achieve precise seeding of potato. Its seed metering performance is closely related to the dispersion degree of population. The dispersion degree of population is the key to ensure the smooth filling of seeds, and the seed layer height and seed layer disturbance of seed metering device are the key factors affecting the filling performance. This paper introduces the main structural forms of the existing potato seed metering device, analyzes the methods of mechanical disturbance and airflow disturbance to improve the population dispersion, and different seed feeding devices to control the seed layer height and population mobility in the seed filling area to improve the seed filling performance of the seed metering device. The problems existing in the seed layer disturbance control method of potato seed metering device were summarized as follows: there were few studies on the establishment of mathematical model of population disturbance and population motion analysis, and the methods for improving the seed filling performance of potato seed metering device by seed layer disturbance were prospected. An intermittent seed supply device with large and small seed boxes was proposed. The seed layer height was controlled by intermittent seed supply, and the population dispersion and population mobility in the seed filling area were increased by using the population disturbance generated by vibration, so as to provide reference for improving the seed filling performance of potato seed metering device.

Key words: potato, seed metering device, seed layer disturbance, seed layer height, seed filling performance

摘要： 马铃薯排种器是实现马铃薯精密播种的核心工作部件，其排种性能与种群的离散程度密切相关，种群的离散程度是确保种子顺利充种的关键，而排种器的种层高度、种层扰动又是影响充种性能的关键因素。介绍现有马铃薯排种器的主要结构形式，分析机械扰动和气流扰动提升种群离散度，以及不同供种装置控制充种区种层高度、种群流动性来提高排种器充种性能的方法；归纳马铃薯排种器种层扰动控制方法中存在的问题：对种群扰动数学模型建立与种群运动分析研究较少等；对种层扰动改善马铃薯排种器充种性能的方法进行展望，提出一种大小种箱间歇式供种装置，通过间歇供种控制种层高度，利用振动产生的种群扰动增大充种区的种群离散度、种群流动性，以期为改善马铃薯排种器充种性能提供参考。

关键词: 马铃薯, 排种器, 种层扰动, 种层高度, 充种性能