Abstract: In the process of potato transportation and sorting, aiming at the problem that the skin damage caused by mechanical damage is very easy to rot and deteriorate during storage. Through the collision analysis of potatoes, the influencing factors of potato damage are determined, and the value range of the operating parameters of the sorting device is obtained. Taking the potato damage rate as the evaluation index, the conveyor belt speed, the movement speed of profiling roller and the potato slip drop as the test factors, the quadratic orthogonal rotation regression test of discrete element simulation analysis is carried out to analyze the influence law of various factors on the evaluation index. The results of parameter optimization showed that when the speed of conveyor belt was 0.32 m/s, the falling drop of potato was 103.5 mm, and the moving speed of profiling roller was 0.49 m/s, the minimum potato injury rate was 1.98%. The experimental results show that it meets the requirements of national standards and industrial standards during potato harvesting and sorting, and can provide technical reference for the design and optimization of the same type of potato machinery.

Key words: potato, separator, mechanical damage, discrete element, parameter optimization

摘要： 在马铃薯输送与分选过程中，针对机械损伤引起表皮破损导致储存时极易腐烂变质的问题。通过对马铃薯的碰撞分析确定马铃薯损伤的影响因素，获取分选装置运行参数的取值范围，并以伤薯率为评估指标，以输送带速度、仿形滚轮移动速度、马铃薯滑落落差为试验因素进行离散元仿真分析的二次正交旋转回归试验，分析各因素对评估指标的影响规律。参数优化结果表明，输送带速度为0.32 m/s，马铃薯滑落落差为103.5 mm，仿形滚轮移动速度为0.49 m/s时，最低伤薯率为1.98%。经试验验证，满足马铃薯收获分选时的国家标准和行业标准需求，可为同类型的马铃薯机械的设计和优化提供技术参考。

关键词: 马铃薯, 分选装置, 机械损伤, 离散元, 参数优化