马铃薯高效低损产地贮运集薯装车机研制与试验#br#

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.20955553.2022.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目前国内马铃薯散装装车设备需求较大，且普遍存在作业效率低、马铃薯损伤率高、作业成本高以及自动化程度较低等问题。为此，综合运用机械、液压和电子控制等技术，确定提升和输送系统的结构形式以及液压系统、电气系统的参数，设计出一款低损伤、高效率的马铃薯装车机。该装车机采用三级折叠提升机构，配备柔性减损集薯输送带，机械动作由液压缸和液压马达来实现，搭配光电传感器和超声波传感器，使该机可根据设定的物料高度范围自动作业。并以生产率、伤薯率、破皮率和机器故障率为评价指标，对样机进行田间验证试验。试验结果表明：该装车机满足装车要求，且装车后的生产率达到52 t/h，伤薯率可控制在1.0%以下，破皮率可控制在1.5%以下，机器故障率为2.10%。

关键词: 马铃薯, 装车机, 柔性减损, 伤薯率

Abstract: At present, the domestic demand for potato bulk loading equipment is large, and there are widespread problems such as low efficiency, high potato damage rate, high operating cost, and low degree of automation. Therefore, the comprehensive use of mechanical, hydraulic, and electronic control technology determine the structure of the lifting and conveying system and hydraulic system, electrical system parameters, and the design of a low damage, highefficiency potato loading machine. The loading machine adopts a threelevel folding lifting mechanism, equipped with flexible loss reduction potato conveyor belt, mechanical action by hydraulic cylinder, and hydraulic motor to achieve, with photoelectric sensor and ultrasonic sensor, so that the machine can operate automatically according to the set range of material height. Finally, the production rate, the rate of potato damage, the rate of broken skin, and the rate of machine failure were used as evaluation indexes to carry out field validation tests of the prototype. The test results showed that the loading machine can meet the loading requirements. The productivity after loading can reach 52 t/h, the rate of potato damage can be controlled below 1.0%, the rate of broken potato skin can be controlled below 1.5%, and the failure rate of the machine was 2.10%.

Key words: potato, loading machine, flexible loss reduction, potato injury rate

中图分类号:

S229+.2

盖金星, 李学强, 魏忠彩, 周进, 王琳琳, 刘洋, . 马铃薯高效低损产地贮运集薯装车机研制与试验#br#[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2022, 43(4): 53-59.

Gai Jinxing, Li Xueqiang, Wei Zhongcai, Zhou Jin, Wang Linlin, Liu Yang.. Development and test of potato loading machine for storage and transportation in potato producing area with high efficiency and low damage[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 43(4): 53-59.

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