To enable remote monitoring of the operational status of key components in a sugarcane combine, a remote monitoring system was developed based on the HN4GDL-194 segment sugarcane combine. The system consisted of three main layers: the perception layer, transmission layer, and application layer. The perception layer collected and packaged real‑time data from pressure sensors and hall‑effect sensors, and transmitted the signals to the transmission layer through data acquisition nodes. The transmission layer decoded these data packets, converted the sensor signals into pressure values and rotational speeds, and provided local data storage and display. It then transmitted the processed data to the application layer viaa 4G module. The application layer stored the transmitted data in a cloud server and generated real‑time operation status graphs, facilitating remote monitoring of the harvester's operating conditions. Experimental evaluations were conducted to assesssignal acquisition accuracy, remote transmission performance, torque acquisition precision, and system stability. The experimental results demonstrated that the accuracy of current and pulse signal acquisition exceeded 99%, the data transmission packet loss rate during transmission was 1.80%, and the average error in torque measurement was 1%. The system demonstrated high accuracy in signal acquisition, stable data transmission, and precise torque and speed measurements. It provided a reliable and efficient solution for remotely monitoring the operating conditions of key components insugarcane combine harvesters, thereby offering significant benefits for operational efficiency and maintenance management.