关键词: 甘蔗横向种植机, 螺旋输送机构, 施肥机构, 施肥堵塞, 离散元法

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the fertilization mechanism of sugarcane transversal planter is easy to clog, combining with the requirements of agronomy, a kind of end‑face reverse spiral fertilization mechanism was designed. In order to reduce the screw shaft torque and improve the fertilizer mass flow rate, the screw shaft blade pitch, blade thickness, blade diameter and screw shaft diameter were selected as variables through theoretical analysis, and the screw shaft torque and fertilizer mass flow rate were selected as targets, and the regression equations between each factor and the targets were obtained through orthogonal simulation experiments based on the EDEM software and solved to obtain the optimal parameter combinations as follows: The spiral shaft blade pitch, blade thickness, blade diameter and shaft diameter were 67 mm, 2.5 mm, 76 mm and 32 mm, respectively. Simulation verification of the optimal parameter combination model resulted in the mean values of screw shaft torque and fertilizer mass flow rate of 6.3 N ⋅ m and 0.055 kg/s, respectively, which were basically consistent with the regression equation solution results. Simulation tests were conducted on the end face reverse spiral design and it was determined that a reverse pitch of 33.5 mm could effectively avoid fertilizer clogging at the end of the trough. The results of field experiments showed that the mean values of screw shaft torque and fertilizer mass flow rate were 4.3 N ⋅ m and 0.061 5 kg/s, respectively, and the fertilizer application mechanism met the agronomic requirements with low loading torque, which could effectively reduce the situation of fertilizer clogging, and provide a reference for the development of screw fertilizer application mechanism.

Key words:  sugarcane transverse planter, screw conveying mechanism, fertilization mechanism, fertilizer clogging, discrete element method