Abstract: In order to reasonably optimize the structure of key components of corn precision seeder，prolong the service life of the machine and reduce the maintenance cost，the key component of the support disc in the seed releaser was designed with its parameters and dimensions，and its static characteristics，inherent frequency and vibration characteristics were analyzed by the finite element method. With the natural frequencies of the first two modes of the support disc as the index，the three.factor and three.level orthogonal tests were carried out with the diameter of the outer edge of the support disc，the overall thickness of the support disc and the thickness of the outer edge as the factors. The final analysis shows that the optimized minimum inherent frequency is 52. 456 Hz，which is greater than the external excitation frequency range of 1-33 Hz，and the optimized maximum amplitude is reduced from 5. 847 3 mm to 3. 685 9 mm，which reasonably avoids the resonance interference，the trial prototype is subjected to bench fatigue test，and the average service life of the support disk is 213 h，which meets the standard requirements. It provides theoretical reference for the optimization of life extension and cost reduction of key components of the seeding machine.

Key words: corn precision planter, seed.metering device, finite element analysis, fixed frequency, structural optimization

摘要： 为合理优化玉米精量播种机关键部件结构，延长机具使用寿命，降低维修成本，以排种器中关键部件支撑盘为研究对象，对其尺寸参数进行设计，通过有限元法分析其静力学特性、固有频率及振型特征。以支撑盘前两阶模态固有频率为指标，以支撑盘外边缘直径、支撑盘整体厚度、外边缘厚度为因素进行三因素三水平正交试验。最终分析得到优化后的最低固有频率为 52. 456 Hz，大于外界激励频率范围 1~33 Hz，优化后的最大振幅由 5. 847 3mm降为 3. 685 9mm，有效避免共振干扰；试制样机进行台架疲劳试验，最终得到支撑盘的平均使用寿命为 213 h，满足标准要求。为播种机的关键部件延寿降本优化提供理论参考。

关键词: 玉米精量播种机, 排种器, 有限元分析, 固有频率, 结构优化