Abstract: In order to further optimize the operation effect of the automatic rubber unloader in the natural rubber drying production line and reduce the damage degree of the rubber block during the operation of the machine, the spiral cutter, the core component of the automatic rubber unloader, was taken as the research object. The outer radius, lead and feed speed of the spiral cutter were taken as the optimization variables, and the maximum torque and maximum pressure of the spiral cutter were taken as the evaluation indexes. The optimal parameters were obtained to optimize the operation performance of the automatic rubber unloader. Firstly, based on the structure of the spiral cutter, the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics is used for single factor analysis and the optimal range of optimization parameters is obtained. Then, a simulation test bench is built for orthogonal test. The results show that when the feed speed is 0.1 m/s, the outer radius is 60 mm, and the lead is 80 mm, the maximum torque of the spiral cutter is 174.2 N ⋅ m, and the maximum pressure is 1 463.4 N. Compared with the maximum torque before optimization, the maximum torque is reduced by 10.5 %, and the maximum pressure is reduced by 9.7 %. The whole machine test proves that the design well meets the demand of unloading operation.

Key words: natural rubber, automatic unloading machine, spiral cutter, finite element simulation, orthogonal test

摘要： 为进一步优化天然橡胶干燥生产线全自动卸胶机的作业效果，降低机器作业过程中对橡胶块的损伤程度，以全自动卸胶机的核心部件螺旋刀为研究对象，以螺旋刀的外圆半径、导程、进给速度为优化变量，以螺旋刀所受最大扭矩和最大压力为评价指标，得到最优参数以优化全自动卸胶机的作业性能。基于螺旋刀的结构使用有限元仿真软件COMSOL Multiphysics进行单因素分析并得到优化参数的最佳范围，而后搭建模拟试验台进行正交试验。结果表明：当进给速度为0.1 m/s、外圆半径为60 mm、导程为80 mm时，螺旋刀所受最大扭矩为174.2 N ⋅ m、最大压力为1 463.4 N，相比优化前，最大扭矩减小10.5%，最大压力减小9.7%，满足卸胶作业需求。

关键词: 天然橡胶, 全自动卸胶机, 螺旋刀, 有限元仿真, 正交试验