Abstract: This paper deeply analyzes the importance of double cropping rice to ensure food security. In view of the low level of mechanized planting in the southern double cropping rice area, the small number of rice transplanters and the spread of manual direct seeding, this paper combs the restrictive factors of the development of double cropping rice planting mechanization in the south from five aspects of stubble connection, growth period, comparative benefit, technical difficulty and production scale, through comprehensive evaluation and experimental demonstration, the advantages of three mechanized planting technologies, i.e. large bowl blanket seedling mechanized seedling raising, rice mechanized orderly throwing, and rice bowl seedling placement, in alleviating stubble contradiction, resisting natural disasters, reducing pesticide application, and increasing rice yield, were compared in depth, and the suitable mechanized planting technology mode for Southern double cropping rice was selected. The corresponding measures and suggestions are put forward from the aspects of technology promotion, policy support and socialized service, to speed up the improvement of the mechanization level of double cropping rice planting in the South and promote the recovery of double cropping rice area by selecting suitable main promotion technologies according to local conditions, improving the whole process mechanization technology mode, increasing the number of rice planting machines and tools, improving the layout of seedling breeding centers, and improving the service capacity of seedling planting.

Key words: southern double cropping rice, mechanized planting technology, restricting factors, technical measures

摘要： 深入分析双季稻对保障粮食安全的重要性，针对当前南方双季稻区机械化种植水平低、插秧机保有量少、手工直播趋势蔓延等栽植机械化发展现状，从茬口衔接、生育期、比较效益、技术难易、生产规模五个方面梳理制约南方双季稻栽植机械化发展的因素，通过综合测评和试验示范深入比较大钵体毯状苗机械化育秧、水稻机械化有序抛秧、水稻钵苗摆栽技术三种机械化栽植技术在缓解茬口矛盾、抵御自然灾害、农药减施、水稻增产等方面的优势，遴选出适宜南方双季稻机械化栽植技术模式。从技术推广、政策支持、社会化服务等方面提出相应的措施建议，通过因地制宜选定适用主推技术、完善全程机械化技术模式、提高水稻栽植机具保有量、完善育秧中心布局、提高育插秧作业服务能力等发展路径加快提升高南方双季稻栽植机械化水平，促进双季稻面积恢复。

关键词: 南方双季稻, 机械化栽植技术, 制约因素, 技术措施