Abstract: As a working part of small harvesters with high failure rates, the cutters traditional reliability testing method is affected by the operation season, field topography, and variable load. As a result, the test cycle is long, and the collection of test data is difficult. It is also difficult to improve the design of cutters and optimize the design of small harvesters. In this paper, a new spiral auger feeding system is proposed. The shaking table, which simulates the terrain difference (including the vibration of harvesters), and the power output device driven by different cutters are combined to build a physical simulation experiment platform for the reliability test of small harvester cutters in the laboratory. The cutter of small harvesters (model 1WG6.3-110FC-Z) was selected as the tested object and tested continuously for 24 hours on the platform. The test results show that the effectiveness of the test prototype is 95.62%. Although the simulation reliability test time is short, some faults of the harvester are exposed in the test process. These faults conform to the fault description of the harvester specified in JB/T 6287. Therefore, it can be considered that the reliability test platform of small harvester cutters in this paper can simulate the relevant conditions of the field operation of the cutter to a certain extent and can replace the field reliability test of the cutter in some cases.

Key words: cutter, harvester, vibration, reliability, test platform

摘要： 切割器作为小型收割机大概率故障的作业部件,其传统可靠性测试方式受作业季节、田间地形及多变负载等因素的影响,致使其测试周期长且测试数据收集难度大,给后续切割器改良设计及小型收割机整机优化设计造成很大的困难。基于此,创新性地提出一种螺旋绞龙式供料系统,结合模拟田间地形差异(含收获机械自身振动)的振动台及为不同切割器驱动的动力输出装置,构建实验室条件下的小型收割机切割器可靠性测试实物仿真实验平台。选取小型收割机(型号:1WG6.3-110FC-Z)的切割器为被测对象,将其在平台上进行24 h连续测试,测试结果表明:测试样机其有效度达95.62%。尽管模拟可靠性测试时间较短,但仍在测试过程中,暴露了收割机的某些故障,这些故障均符合JB/T 6287规定的切割器故障描述,因此,该小型收割机切割器可靠性测试平台能够在一定程度上模拟切割器田间作业的相关条件,能够在某些情况下替代切割器的田间现场可靠性测试。

关键词: 切割器, 收割机, 振动, 可靠性, 测试平台