Abstract: In view of the problems facing the research and development process of corn harvesting equipment, such as long research and development cycle, high cost, high sensitivity to environmental factors, and the need for a large number of field tests, this paper carried out a virtual simulation design and harvest test of corn ear harvester based on Unity3D. Firstly, the overall design of the virtual simulation system of corn ear harvester, design of key modules of the virtual simulation system, and design of the physical components of corn ear harvester and the plant were completed. Secondly, optimal combination of parameters affecting yield loss rate of corn harvester was obtained by virtual single factor test and orthogonal test with yield loss rate of corn harvester as the response index and moving speed of corn harvester, height of cutting table, and planting density of corn as response factors. When the speed of harvester was 2.986 m/s, the planting density of corn was 6.7 plants/m2, the height of cutting table was 0.42 m, and the lowest fruit leakage rate was 2.17%. Finally, the field verification test was carried out using the optimal parameters. The results showed that the average leakage rate of corn harvester was 2.36 %, which was consistent with the optimization results and met the harvest requirements of corn ear harvester.

Key words: corn ear harvester, virtual reality, Unity3D, 3D Max

摘要： 针对玉米收获装备在研发设计过程中存在研发周期长、成本高、易受环境因素影响且需要进行大量田间试验等缺陷，开展基于Unity3D的玉米果穗收获机虚拟仿真设计与收获试验。首先，完成玉米果穗收获机虚拟仿真系统的总体设计、虚拟仿真系统关键模块的设计以及玉米果穗收获机和植株的物理组件的设计。其次，以漏果率为响应指标，以玉米收获机行进速度、割台高度和玉米种植密度为响应因素进行虚拟的单因素试验和正交试验，得到影响玉米收获机漏果率的最优参数组合。当收获机行进速度为2.986 m/s，玉米种植密度为6.7棵/m2，割台高度为0.42 m，漏果率最低为2.17%。最后，利用最优参数开展田间验证试验。结果表明：玉米收获机漏果率均值为2.36%，与优化结果基本一致，满足玉米果穗收获机的收获要求。

关键词: 玉米果穗收获机, 虚拟现实, Unity3D, 3D Max