农地转入对农民增收的影响研究——基于农业机械化的中介效应

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2025.07.042

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 提高农民收入对解决发展不平衡不充分问题和实现共同富裕目标具有重要的理论与现实意义。基于中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）微观数据，采用固定效应模型和中介效应模型在微观层面实证分析农地转入与农民收入之间的内在联系，并分析农业机械化的中介效应，以此探究农地转入对农民收入的作用机制。结果表明：农地转入可显著提高农民收入；农地转入提高农民收入的效果在农户收入、地理分区和功能分区上具有异质性；农业机械化在农地转入提高农民收入的过程中发挥部分中介作用，中介效应占比为23.3%。因此，应通过完善土地流转制度、促进农业机械化发展和减缓适龄劳动力流出等方式切实提高农民收入。

关键词: 农地转入, 农民收入, 农业机械化, 中介效应

Abstract: Increasing farmers income holds significant theoretical and practical value in addressing the challenges of unbalanced and inadequate development and in achieving the goal of common prosperity. Based on micro-level data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this study employed a fixed effect model and a mediation effect model to empirically examine the intrinsic relationship between land transfer and farmers income at the micro level. It further explored the mediating role of agricultural mechanization in this process. The results showed that land transfer has a significant positive effect on farmers income. This effect varies across different income groups, geographic regions, and functional zones. Moreover,agricultural mechanization serves as a partial mediator in the relationship between land transfer and income growth, accounting for 23.3% of the total effect. The results suggest that to effectively boost farmers income, it is essential to improve the land transfer system, accelerate the promotion of agricultural mechanization, and address the outflow of young and middle-aged labor from rural areas.

Key words: agricultural land transfer, farmers income, mechanization of agriculture, mediating effect

中图分类号:

F301

匡远配, 张昊鹏. 农地转入对农民增收的影响研究——基于农业机械化的中介效应[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(7): 295-301.

Kuang Yuanpei, Zhang Haopeng. Impact of farmland transfer on farmers income growth: A study based on the mediating role of agricultural mechanization[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 46(7): 295-301.

参考文献

［1］　魏后凯.“十四五”时期中国农村发展若干重大问题［J］.中国农村经济,2020（1）:2-16.
［2］　郭小琳,郑淋议,施冠明,等.农地流转、要素配置与农户生产效率变化［J］.中国土地科学,2021,35（12）:54-63.
Guo Xiaolin, Zheng Linyi, Shi Guanming, et al. Land transfer, resource allocation and rural household production efficiency ［J］. China Land Science, 2021, 35（12）: 54-63.
［3］　盖庆恩,李承政,张无珂,等.从小农户经营到规模经营：土地流转与农业生产效率［J］.经济研究, 2023, 58（5）: 135-152.
Gai Qingen, Li Chengzheng, Zhang Wuke, et al. From small holders to large-scale farmers: Land rental and agricultural productivity ［J］. Economic Research Journal, 2023, 58（5）: 135-152.
［4］　彭继权,吴海涛.土地流转对农户农业机械使用的影响［J］.中国土地科学, 2019,33（7）:73-80.
Peng Jiquan, Wu Haitao. The influence of land transfer on farmers agricultural mechanization adoption ［J］. China Land Science, 2019, 33（7）: 73-80.
［5］　余晋晶,葛扬.农业土地流转、农村产业融合与农民收入增长［J］.山西财经大学学报,2023,45（9）:78-93.
Yu Jinjing, Ge Yang. Agricultural land transfer, rural industrial integration and farmers income growth ［J］.Journal of Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, 2023, 45（9）:78-93.
［6］　陈斌开,马宁宁,王丹利.土地流转、农业生产率与农民收入［J］. 世界经济, 2020, 43（10）: 97-120.Chen Binkai, Ma Ningning, Wang Danli. Land circulation, agricultural productivity and rural household income ［J］.The Journal of World Economy, 2020, 43（10）: 97-120.
［7］　黄祖辉, 杜语. 农户土地流转有助于农户群体“提低扩中”吗?［J］.西北农林科技大学学报（社会科学版）, 2022,22（6）: 87-99.
Huang Zuhui, Du Yu. Does farmland transfer help to realize “raising the low and expanding the middle” among farmers?［J］. Journal of Northwest A & F University （Social Science Edition）, 2022, 22（6）: 87-99.
［8］　王珏, 范静.土地经营权流转对农户收入增长及其地区异质性影响研究——基于全国8个省份2037个农户家庭的调查［J］.农村经济,2018（4）:35-41.
Wang Jue, Fan Jing. The influence of transfer of land management right on farmers income growth and regional heterogeneity ［J］. Rural Economy, 2018(4): 35-41.
［9］　柯炼,汪小勤,陈地强.土地流转与农户收入增长——基于收入结构的视角［J］.中国人口·资源与环境, 2022,32（1）:127-137.
Ke Lian, Wang Xiaoqin, Chen Diqiang. Farmland transfer and farmers income growth: based on the perspective of income structure ［J］. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2022, 32（1）: 127-137.
［10］　顾宁,李颜汝.农村土地流转、农民收入结构与相对贫困治理［J］.农业技术经济,2023（10）:62-78.
［11］　张广辉,张建.农村土地流转对农户收入的影响：内在机理与实证检验［J］.经济学家,2023（2）:120-128.
Zhang Guanghui, Zhang Jian. The impact of rural land transfer on farmers income: Internal mechanism and empirical test ［J］. Economist, 2023（2）: 120-128.
［12］　吕沛璐,冯淑怡,曲福田.农地流转、劳动力转移对农户收入及收入差距的影响——基于全国4省农户调查数据［J］.农业技术经济,2022（8）:37-49.
Lü Peilu, Feng Shuyi, Qu Futian. Effects of farmland transfer and off-farm employment on farm households income and income inequality: Based on the survey data from four provinces ［J］. Journal of Agrotechnical Economics, 2022(8): 37-49.
［13］　李宾,马九杰.劳动力转移、农业生产经营组织创新与城乡收入变化影响研究［J］.中国软科学,2014（7）:60-76.
Li Bin, Ma Jiujie. The study on impact of labor force transfer on innovation in agricultural production and operation organization innovation and impact of this innovation on change of urban-rural income gap ［J］. China Soft Science, 2014（7）: 60-76.
［14］　李婷,张晔,曾德鹏.农业机械化对贵州农民增收贡献率实证分析［J］.中国农机化学报,2022,43（6）:230-236.
Li Ting, Zhang Ye, Zeng Depeng. Empirical analysis of the contribution rate of agricultural mechanization to the increase of farmers income in Guizhou ［J］. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 43（6）: 230-236.
［15］　杨进,吴比,金松青,等.中国农业机械化发展对粮食播种面积的影响［J］.中国农村经济,2018（3）: 89-104.
Yang Jin, Wu Bi, Jin Songqing, et al. The impact of agricultural mechanization on structure adjustment of grain in China ［J］. Chinese Rural Economy, 2018（3）: 89-104.
［16］　Takeshima H, Nin-Pratt A, Diao X. Mechanization and agricultural technology evolution, agricultural intensification in sub-Saharan Africa: Typology of agricultural mechanization in Nigeria ［J］. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2013, 95（5）: 1230-1236.
［17］　魏佳朔,高鸣.农业劳动力老龄化如何影响小麦全要素生产率增长［J］.中国农村经济,2023（2）:109-128.
Wei Jiashuo, Gao Ming. How does the aging of agricultural labor force affect the growth of total factor productivity of wheat?［J］. Chinese Rural Economy, 2023（2）: 109-128.
［18］　唐林,罗小锋,张俊飙.购买农业机械服务增加了农户收入吗——基于老龄化视角的检验［J］.农业技术经济,2021（1）:46-60.
Tang Lin, Luo Xiaofeng, Zhang Junbiao. Has the purchase of agricultural machinery services increased farmers income? Testing from the perspective of Aging ［J］. Journal of Agrotechnical Economics, 2021(1): 46-60.
［19］　杨义武,林万龙.农机具购置补贴、农机社会化服务与农民增收［J］.农业技术经济,2021（9）:16-35.
Yang Yiwu, Lin Wanlong. Agricultural machinery purchase subsidy, agricultural mechanization service and farmers income ［J］. Journal of Agrotechnical Economics, 2021(9): 16-35.
［20］　匡远配,陆钰凤.农地流转的农业集约化效应研究［J］.农村经济,2017（6）:39-44.
［21］　李双双,刘卫柏,蒋健.农业机械化可以解决农业劳动力短缺吗?［J］.中国农机化学报,2024,45（7）: 316-322,336.
Li Shuangshuang, Liu Weibo, Jiang Jian. Can agricultural mechanization solve the shortage of agricultural labor?［J］. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45（7）: 316-322, 336.
［22］　刘银,李秋凤,徐丽娜,等.我国农村土地流转的增收效应研究——兼析农村土地流转家庭收入分配效应演变趋势［J］.价格理论与实践,2023（12）:16-20.
Liu Yin, Li Qiufeng, Xu Lina, et al. Study on income increasing effect of rural land circulation in China: With analysis of the evolutionary trends of household income distribution effects in rural land transfer ［J］. Price: Theory & Practice, 2023（12）:16-20.
［23］　邹薇,张震霖.农业发展影响农民减贫增收的作用机制——基于收入结构的实证分解与检验［J］.中国人口·资源与环境,2024,34（8）:179-192.
Zou Wei, Zhang Zhenlin. Mechanisms of agricultural development affecting farmers poverty alleviation and income increase: Empirical decomposition and test based on income structure ［J］. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2024, 34（8）: 179-192.
［24］　朱琳,陈荣赓,廖和平,等.土地流转何以促进农户增收——基于收入来源的视角［J］.西南大学学报（自然科学版）,2023,45（7）:21-31.
［25］　柳建平,黄贞武.农地流转的多维减贫效应研究——非农就业与农机服务的中介作用［J］.投资研究, 2022, 41（9）: 23-38.
Liu Jianping, Huang Zhenwu. Research on the multidimensional poverty reduction effect of farmland transfer: The mediating role of off-farm employment and agricultural machinery services ［J］. Review of Investment Studies, 2022, 41(9): 23-38.
［26］　温忠麟,叶宝娟.中介效应分析:方法和模型发展［J］.心理科学进展,2014,22(5):731-745.

[1]	黄锦锦, 石研研. 数字普惠金融与农业机械化：实现共同富裕的新路径[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(7): 302-309.
[2]	黄芬, 程晓林, 肖铁忠. 农业机械化对农民收入的影响——基于德阳市区域面板数据的实证分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(7): 346-352.
[3]	唐啸风, 马建宏, 钱生越. 南京市设施蔬菜生产机械化技术及社会化服务发展初探[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(6): 183-186.
[4]	刘桂英, 谢文军, 陈跃灵, 杨梦琦, 张梦梅, 周利平. 农业机械化与农民收入——以经营规模与劳动力转移为调节变量[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(6): 271-279.
[5]	叶颉, 袁庆庆, 林克涛. 机械化对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响研究——基于技术的双重路径效应[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(6): 280-290.
[6]	唐小平, 王阳, 付代莎, 宁国芳, 敖小霞. 数字技术对农业机械化的影响[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(6): 291-298.
[7]	庞义章, 李平, . 农业机械化、财政支出与农业碳排放量的关系研究——基于VAR模型的实证分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(6): 313-321.
[8]	韦成宇, 姜军松. 农机社会化服务、要素配置与农业粮食生产效率[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(5): 312-321.
[9]	李明亮, 余国新, 蒲娟. 数字乡村建设赋能农业经济与生态环境协同发展——基于中介效应与空间溢出效应分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(5): 322-333.
[10]	党倩倩, 丁宇. 感知价值、技术获得对农户绿色生产行为的影响研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(4): 336-343.
[11]	贺登科, 何蒲明, 魏君英, 田红宇. 农机服务外包对农民收入的影响研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(2): 337-343.
[12]	宫豪, 王振红, 高永坤. 绿色金融对农业绿色发展的影响研究——以山东省为例[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(2): 344-352.
[13]	李锦, 李明亮, 蒲娟, 余国新. 生产性服务业集聚对粮食可持续安全的影响——基于空间溢出效应和中介效应视角分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(1): 264-272.
[14]	管宁宁, 黄惠春. 农业生产组织发展何以推进农业机械化——基于服务功能视角的再检验[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(1): 273-281.
[15]	吴文佳, 吕剑平. 甘肃省农业机械化综合水平对生态效率的影响[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2025, 46(1): 330-337.