关键词: 多养分肥料配制, 钻孔注肥, 精准施肥, 果园

Abstract: In response to the problem that the existing liquid fertilizer deep application technology and equipment in orchards cannot meet the personalized nutrient requirements of fruit trees, this paper designs a control system for orchard multiple nutrients precise supply variable fertilizer injection. Three peristaltic pumps were used to supply nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium liquid fertilizers, and multiple nutrients fertilizer was formed in a mixing box based on precise fertilization decision‑making prescriptions. Hydraulic driven was used for rotary drilling into the soil, and the drilling depth was controlled precisely based on displacement sensor data feedback. Multiple nutrients fertilizer was injected into the soil through small holes at the bottom of the fertilizer rod under the action of the injection pump. The control algorithm and interactive interface were developed, the single circle fertilizer discharge of the peristaltic pump was calibrated, and the mapping relationship between depth and displacement sensor signal values was constructed. Through performance testing, the relative error of fertilizer supply was less than 2%, and the relative error of drilling depth was less than 15%, which can meet the requirements. This system achieves precise on‑site preparation of multi nutrient fertilizers, meeting the personalized nutrient needs of fruit trees.

Key words: preparation of multiple nutrients fertilizer, drilling and fertilization, precision fertilization, orchard