基于区块链及IPFS的农产品多链追溯系统研究

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2024.07.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 面对农产品供应市场日益庞大以及现存追溯系统中心化结构严重、溯源信息模糊简陋、数据安全难以得到有效保障等问题，通过分析供应链的业务流程及相关特点，融合区块链及IPFS技术设计灵活的多链分布式追溯系统以应对错综复杂多变的市场情况中的精准溯源及监管的需求。充分利用星际文件系统IPFS的去重存储以及分布式存储特性提高存储资源的利用率，解决以往溯源数据存储中心化严重、数据类型单一、负载过大等问题；区块链多链与IPFS私有网络的结合以及CBC、ECC两个加密算法的采用可以支持全面的市场监管，并可以满足企业隐私数据的加密保护需求。为验证模型有效性，以水培蔬菜溯源项目作为应用案例进行分析测试，其中区块链多链系统吞吐量达到上链500 TPS、查询400 TPS；CBC加密算法的相关性、扩展性分析中密文改变率分别达到96.727%、97.136%。测试结果表明：本追溯系统在实现溯源数据高效记录存储和精准监管溯源的基础上，也能够给予供应链内各方合法权益及隐私数据有效的安全保护，亦可以面对业务交错复杂的市场供应链，为完整可靠的农产品区块链追溯监管系统研究发展与落地实现提供借鉴与参考。

关键词: 农产品, 追溯, 区块链, 数据加密, 数据安全, IPFS

Abstract: In the face of the increasingly large supply market of agricultural products, the serious centralized structure of the existing traceability system, fuzzy and simple traceability information, and difficult to effectively guarantee data security and other problems, by analyzing the business process and related characteristics of the supply chain, this paper integrates blockchain and IPFS technology to design a flexible multi-chain distributed traceability system to meet the needs of accurate traceability and supervision in the complex and changing market situation. It makes full use of the deduplication storage and distributed storage characteristics of Interplanetary File System (IPFS) to improve the utilization of storage resources, and solves the problems of severe centralization, single data type, and excessive load of traceable data storage in the past. The combination of blockchain multi-chain and IPFS private network and the adoption of CBC and ECC encryption algorithms can support comprehensive market regulation, and can meet the encryption protection needs of enterprise privacy data. Finally, in order to verify the validity of the model, the hydroponic vegetable traceability project is used as an application case to analyze and test, in which the throughput of the blockchain multichain system has reached 500 TPS for the upchain and 400 TPS for the query. The ciphertext change rate of CBC encryption algorithm has reached 96.727% and 97.136%, respectively, in correlation and expansibility analysis. The test results show that on the basis of the realization of efficient supply chain traceability data record store and accurate supervision and traceability, the traceability system can also give the parties' legitimate rights and interests within the chain and the effective protection of privacy data, can also face the business crisscross and complex market supply chain, providing reference for the research, development and implementation of a complete and reliable blockchain of agricultural products traceability supervision system.

Key words: agricultural products, traceability, blockchain, data encryption, data security, IPFS

中图分类号:

TP399

张净, 唐恒睿, 刘晓梅. 基于区块链及IPFS的农产品多链追溯系统研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(7): 127-134.

Zhang Jing, Tang Hengrui, Liu Xiaomei. Research on multi-chain traceability system of agricultural products based on blockchain and IPFS[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(7): 127-134.

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