关键词: 小型水果, 采收, 梳齿采摘爪, 枝叶分离对辊, 分级, 响应面

Abstract: China is a large country for growing small fruits. Small fruits are ellipsoidal in shape, such as winter jujube, longan, kumquat, bayberry, plum, cherry tomatoes, etc., which are very popular among consumers. In order to solve the problems of low efficiency, high risk factor and single function of harvesting equipment in the process of small fruit harvesting, a small fruit multifunctional harvesting device is designed according to the shape and structure of small fruits, which integrates picking, branch and leaf separation and grading. Small fruit picking is realized by using combtooth picking claws imitating human hands; Vshaped arrangement of rubber counterrollers achieves the purpose of separating branches and leaves; layered arrangement of round belts realizes fruit grading. Through the device test and response surface analysis, the distance between the combtooth picking claws should be 16 mm, the speed of the Vshaped branch and leaf separation pair of rollers should be 100 r/min, and the speed of the grading belt should be 100 r/min. The residual rate is only 2%, which is better than manual picking, the grading accuracy reaches 95%, and the fruit breakage rate is 02%. The device integrates multiple functions, has a simple structure with high efficiency, ensures personal safety, improves the mechanization of small fruit harvesting, and lays a foundation for the development of agricultural machinery in our country.

Key words: small fruit, harvesting, combtooth picking claws, branch and leaf separation on rollers, grading, response surface