Abstract: Orchard soil is a significant source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions at the regional scale. Compared to traditional agricultural ecosystems, the characteristics, driving factors, and generation pathways of N2O emissions inorchards soils under mechanized trenching and fertilization may differ considerably. This paper reviews the current state of orchard trenching and fertilization technologies and equipment while examining the impact of mechanized practices on N2O emissions from three key perspectives: emission characteristics, driving factors, and underlying mechanisms. The paper also highlights the development bottlenecks of trenching and fertilizing machinery in China, as well as the challenges faced in researching N2O emissions from orchard soils under mechanized trenching and fertilizing operations. The findings suggest that most existing studies on mechanized trenching and fertilization focus primarily on machinery design, operational efficiency, and fertilization effects, with limited research on how these practices influence N2O emissions. Specifically, the role of soil microbes in driving soil N2O emissions under mechanized fertilization remain unclear. To address these gaps, this paper proposed a collaborative research approach that focuses on the development of intelligent and effective orchard trenching and fertilization machinery, thereby establishing a longterm monitoring system for orchard soil N2O emissions, and exploring the mechanisms through which mechanized trenching and fertilization regulate these emissions. This study provides a foundation for the accurate estimation of orchard soil N2O emission and supports research on emission reduction and carbon reduction strategies in China.

Key words: orchard, soil, trench fertilization technique, trench fertilization equipment, N2O

摘要： 区域尺度上果园土壤是重要的氧化亚氮（N2O）来源。相比于农田生态系统，机械化开沟施肥条件下果园土壤N2O排放特征、驱动因素及产生途径可能存在差异。因此，对现阶段果园开沟施肥技术与装备进行归纳总结，进而从果园土壤N2O排放特征、果园土壤N2O排放的关键驱动因素、果园土壤N2O排放的作用机制3个方面探讨机械化开沟施肥对果园土壤N2O排放的影响。分析我国果园开沟施肥机械的发展瓶颈以及机械化开沟施肥在果园土壤N2O排放研究中面临的问题，认为机械化开沟施肥的研究大多相对独立地停留在机械设计、工作效率和施肥效果等方面，缺乏对机械化开沟施肥条件下果园土壤N2O排放变化的系统性研究，尤其在该施肥方式下土壤微生物对土壤N2O排放的驱动机制亦尚不明确。提出针对机械化开沟施肥与果园土壤N2O排放协同研究的建议，重点从研发智能高效的果园开沟施肥机械、建立果园土壤N2O排放的长期监测体系、探究机械化开沟施肥调控果园土壤N2O排放的作用机制等方面深入协同，为我国开展果园土壤N2O排放量估算和减排增汇的相关研究奠定基础。

关键词: 果园, 土壤, 开沟施肥技术, 开沟施肥装备, N2O