Abstract: In order to address the problem of lack of research on feeding scheme in the development of intelligent porridge feeding feeder for pigs, a comparative feeding trial was conducted by using intelligent porridge feed and traditional 24 h dry feed on nursery and fattening pigs. In the feeding trial during the nursery period, from 21 to 55 days of age, it was observed that pigs fed with the intelligent porridge feed exhibited competitive feeding behavior. In order to solve this issue, from 56 to 70 days of age, the intelligent porridge feed was divided into three different feeding schemes  such as a 16‑hour porridge feed group, a dry feed supplementation group, and a 23 h porridge feed group. The results showed that the total competitive feeding duration in the dry feed supplementation group was reduced by 25.0% compared to the 16 h porridge feed group, but the proportion of competitive feeding time within individual feeding sessions still exceeded 40% of the total feeding time. In the 23 h porridge feed group, the total competitive feeding duration was reduced by 67.4% compared to the 16 h porridge feed group, with competitive feeding time accounting for less than or equal to 30% of the total feeding time, making the 23 h porridge feed group the optimal choice. Compared with the same batch of pigs fed traditional 24 h dry feed, the 16 h porridge feed group showed a 6.81% increase in daily feed intake, a 2.63% decrease in daily weight gain, a 10.13% increase in the feed‑to‑meat ratio, and, due to competitive feeding behavior, an increase of 4.4 percentage points in the coefficient of variation of final body weight, along with a 1.33 percentage point increase in mortality rate. In the comparative feeding trial during the fattening period, the 23 h porridge feed was used for the intelligent porridge feed, and it was observed that as the temperature rose, the pigs' feeding behavior shifted from 11:00—15:00 to 4:00—9:00. The 23 h porridge feeding scheme  resulted in a 7.38% increase in daily feed intake, a 10.40% increase in daily weight gain, a 2.60% decrease in the feed‑to‑meat ratio, a 1.8 percentage point reduction in the coefficient of variation of final body weight, and a 1.71 percentage point decrease in mortality rate compared to the same batch of pigs fed traditional 24 h dry feed. In conclusion, it is recommended to adopt the 23 h porridge feeding scheme  per intelligent porridge feeding feeder that feeds 40 pigs, with adjustments made based on the pigs' feeding behavior.

Key words: pig, porridge feeder, intelligent porridge feeding scheme, feeding situation, air temperature

摘要： 针对生猪智能粥料机开发中饲喂方案研究缺乏的问题，采用智能粥料与传统24 h干料进行保育和育肥猪对比饲喂试验。在保育期21~55日龄的饲喂试验中发现智能粥料出现猪只抢食现象。为解决抢食现象，在56~70日龄，将智能粥料分为16 h粥料组、补饲干料组、23 h粥料组共3种不同饲喂方案进行饲喂。结果表明：补饲干料组较16 h粥料组总抢食时长降低25.0%，但个别餐次抢食时长在采食时长中的占比仍高于40%；23 h粥料组较16 h粥料组总抢食时长降低67.4%，抢食时长占采食时长均小于等于30%，因此23 h粥料组最优；16 h粥料组与同批次传统24 h干料饲喂相比，日耗料量提高6.81%、日增重降低2.63%、料肉比上升10.13%，且由于抢食行为导致猪只末重变异系数提高4.4个百分点，死亡率增加1.33个百分点。在育肥期的对比饲喂试验中，智能粥料采用23 h粥料，试验发现气温上升会导致猪只采食行为由11:00—15:00转移至4:00—9:00；23 h粥料饲喂方案较同批次传统24 h干料，日耗量提高7.38%，日增重提高10.40%，料肉比降低2.60%，猪只末重变异系数降低1.8个百分点，死亡率降低1.71个百分点。因此，建议每台饲喂40头猪只的智能粥料机采用23 h粥料饲喂方案并根据猪只采食情况进行调整。

关键词: 生猪, 智能粥料机, 饲喂方案, 采食情况, 气温