Abstract: In order to solve the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency in manual picking of oil peony pods, a picking device suitable for oil peony pod was designed. The control system and key components were designed and analyzed, and the working parameters of key components were determined according to the biomechanical characteristics of oil peony. With the speed of conveyor belt, the speed of plucking board, the vertical distance between plucking board and reciprocating cutter as the test factors, and the yield of fruit pod as the test index, bench tests and field tests with three factors and three levels were carried out to verify. The results showed that the order of influencing factors on pod yield was the speed of plucker, the speed of conveyor belt and the vertical distance between plucker and reciprocating cutter. Conveyor speed 1.2 m/s, rotary speed 7.2 rad/s, vertical distance between rotary plate and reciprocating cutter 0 cm is the optimal parameter combination. Based on the optimal parameter combination, the field yield of oil peony pod was 95.18%, which met the requirements of oil peony pod harvest.

Key words: oil peony pod, picking device, reciprocating cutter, plucking board, orthogonal test

摘要： 针对我国油用牡丹人工采摘劳动强度度大、效率低等问题，设计一种油用牡丹果荚采摘装置。对控制系统、关键部件进行设计与分析，并根据油用牡丹生物力学特性确定关键部件工作参数。选取输送带速度、拨禾板转速、拨禾板与往复式切割器垂直距离为试验因素，以果荚收获率为试验指标，开展三因素三水平的台架试验及田间试验验证。结果表明，各因素对果荚收获率的影响大小顺序为拨禾板速度、输送带速度、拨禾板与往复式切割器垂直距离；输送带速度1.2 m/s，拨禾板转速7.2 rad/s，拨禾板与往复式切割器垂直距离0 cm为最优参数组合；基于最优参数组合，油用牡丹果荚的田间收获率为95.18%，满足油用牡丹果荚收获生产要求。

关键词: 油用牡丹果荚, 采摘装置, 往复式切割器, 拨禾板, 正交试验