Abstract: It is an important way for improving the socialized service efficiency of agricultural machinery to strengthen the foundation of agricultural material equipment and promote the process of agricultural modernization and rural revitalization. Based on the statistical data of agricultural machinery in China and the Malmquist productivity index model of DEA, the service efficiency of provincial agricultural mechanization service organizations in China from 2011 to 2019 was measured, in order to provide suggestions for improving the service efficiency of agricultural machinery socialization and promoting the development of agricultural mechanization. The results show that the service technical progress of Chinas agricultural mechanized service organizations has increased by 8.5% annually during the nine years, while the service technical efficiency of Chinas agricultural mechanized service organizations has decreased by 7.9% annually during the same period. On the whole, the service efficiency of Chinas agricultural mechanized service organizations shows obvious fluctuation characteristics, and does not increase on the whole. From the regional point of view, only the eastern region realized the improvement of total factor productivity of agricultural mechanization service organizations in the nine years, but the service technology progress of agricultural mechanization service organizations in the eastern and western regions both realized the growth. From the specific situation of each province, there is a positive increase in the service efficiency of nearly half of the provincial agricultural mechanization service organizations, but the difference is great. According to the decomposition of Malmquist productivity index, the 6 provinces that rely on pure technical efficiency and technological progress to promote the regional agricultural machinery socialization service are distributed in the eastern and central regions, but there are 12 provinces that have the loss of pure technical efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency.

Key words: agricultural modernization, social service organization, provincial scope, service efficiency, Malmquist index

摘要： 提升农机社会化服务效率是增强农业物质装备基础，推进农业现代化和乡村振兴进程的重要抓手。借助我国农业机械统计数据，利用DEA的Malmquist生产率指数模型，对2011—2019年我国省域农机社会化服务组织服务效率进行测算，以期能为提高农机社会化服务效率和促进农业机械化发展提供建议。结果表明：9年间我国的农机社会化服务组织服务技术进步方面年均增长8.5%，而同期农机社会化服务组织服务技术效率却年均降低7.9%，整体上我国农机社会化服务组织服务效率水平呈现明显的波动性特征，且9年间并未上升；从区域角度看，9年间仅有东部地区实现了农机社会化服务组织服务全要素生产率的提升，而东部和西部地区的农机社会化服务组织的服务技术进步均实现了增长；从各省份具体情况看，我国有将近1/2的省份农机社会化服务组织服务效率存在正增长的情形，但差异较大；从Malmquist生产率指数分解来看，依靠纯技术效率与技术进步共同促进区域农机社会化服务的6个省份，东中西部地区都有分布，但仍有12个省份存在纯技术效率、技术效率和规模效率损失并存的情形。

关键词: 农业现代化, 社会化服务组织, 省域范围, 服务效率, Malmquist指数