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Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

JCAM

Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 145-150.DOI: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.20955553.2022.09.020

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Design and test of composite pipe forming device for underground irrigation

Yang Jie, Guan Yang, Gu Dongdong, Wu Feng, Zhang Yuzhong, Shi Jinfa.   

  1. In order to solve the problems of single type of machinery and equipment for returning corn straw to the field and low utilization rate of corn straw in the Huanghuaihai region, a composite pipe forming device for underground irrigation was designed. A new way of returning corn straw to the field was proposed, in which crop straw was crushed and mixed with soil in different proportions, and extruded to form a hollow round tubelike composite pipe, which was applied by onetime shallow burial and returned to the field in full directly after one year or one season. Based on the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, the overall structure design of the device was put forward, the working principle of the device was introduced, the key components such as mixing parts and spiral extrusion forming parts were designed, the material conveying power of the extrusion forming part was calculated, and the structural requirements to meet the work and the device structure to meet the agronomic requirements were determined. Based on the independently built test platform, the corn straw composite pipe formation test was conducted. The bench test showed that: in the interval of moisture content from 20% to 26%, the corn straw composite pipe met the performance requirements, thus the density of the composite pipe was not less than 1.30 g/cm3, with the increasing moisture content, the corn straw molding density decreased and then increased, and the dispersion of the molding density became smaller and smaller, and the performance of the corn straw composite pipe was more stable. When the moisture content of the mixture was 26%, the speed of the winch shaft was 488 r/min, and the material feeding volume was 170 kg/min, it not only ensured the continuity of the corn straw composite tube discharge, but also the relatively fast speed of the discharge. It can met the agronomic requirements of full corn straw returning and provide technical reference for the development of corn straw returning.
  • Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-08-16

地下灌溉复合管成型装置设计与试验

杨杰，关阳，古冬冬，仵峰，张煜忠，施进发   

  1. 华北水利水电大学，郑州市，450046
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51979108)；2019河南省科技研发专项(192102110091)

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Abstract: corn straw returning technology; underground irrigation; straw; soil; corn straw composite tube; total returning


摘要： 为解决黄淮海地区玉米秸秆还田技术中还田机械设备种类单一和玉米秸秆利用率低等问题，设计一种用于地下灌溉复合管成型装置。提出玉米秸秆还田的新方式，将作物秸秆粉碎与土壤按不同比例掺量混合，挤压形成空心圆管状的复合管材，应用时采用一次性浅埋，一年或一季后直接全量还田。依据农机农艺融合，提出装置整体结构设计方案，介绍装置的工作原理，对搅拌部件、螺旋挤压成型部件等关键部件进行设计，计算挤压成型部分物料输送功率，确定满足工作的结构要求及满足农艺要求的装置结构。基于自主搭建的试验平台，进行玉米秸秆复合管成型试验。台架试验表明：在含水率20%~26%的区间中，保证玉米秸秆复合管满足性能要求，即复合管密度不小于1.30 g/cm3时，随着含水率的递增，玉米秸秆成型密度先递减再递加，且成型密度离散性越来越小，玉米秸秆复合管性能更加稳定。当混合物含水率在26%，绞龙轴转速在488 r/min，物料喂入量在170 kg/min时，既保证玉米秸秆复合管出料的连续性，且出料速度相对较快。满足玉米秸秆全量还田的农艺要求，为玉米秸秆还田的发展提供技术参考。

关键词: 玉米秸秆还田技术, 地下灌溉, 秸秆, 土壤, 玉米秸秆复合管, 全量还田

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