Abstract: The “carbon problem” has become a worldwide problem, and the change of land use type is one of the important factors affecting carbon emissions. Taking Xinjiang as an example, ArcGIS software was used to analyze vegetation spatial distribution data, soil spatial distribution data and land remote sensing monitoring data at different time points. The results showed that the carbon sink effect of forestland was obvious, and its comprehensive carbon density was the highest, up to 161.58 kg/m2. The carbon intensity of forest land was 3.758 6 kg/m2, 5.377 6 kg/m2, 6.844 8 kg/m2 and 8.696 7 kg/m2 when forestland was converted to farmland, grassland, water area and construction land, respectively. Construction land was the main carbon source. The difference of carbon source and carbon sink between cultivated land and grassland was small. The carbon sequestration effect of unused land development varied for different land use types. The carbon sequestration capacity from high to low was forestland, cultivated land, grassland, water area and construction land. In order to ensure the green, sustainable and highquality development of Xinjiang, lowcarbon should be taken as the constraint, develop unused land, make full utilization of Xinjiangs resource endowment and develop renewable resources. Moreover, it is important to increase the protection of forestland and strengthen environmental regulation.

Key words: Xinjiang, land use type transformation, carbon intensity, carbon source, carbon sink

摘要： “碳问题”成为世界性难题，土地利用类型转变是影响碳排放的重要因素之一。以新疆为例，利用ArcGIS软件对植被空间分布数据、土壤空间分布数据和不同时点的土地遥感监测数据进行空间分析。结果表明：林地碳汇作用明显，其综合碳密度最高，达161.58 kg/m2；林地转化为耕地、草地、水域和建设用地时分别产生3.758 6 kg/m2、5.377 6 kg/m2、6.844 8 kg/m2和8.696 7 kg/m2的碳强度；建设用地则为主要的碳源场所；耕地、草地的碳源碳汇作用差距较小；未利用地开发为不同的土地利用类型碳汇效果不同，碳汇能力由高到低分别是林地、耕地、草地、水域和建设用地。为保证新疆的绿色、可持续、高质量发展，应以低碳为约束，开发未利用地，充分利用新疆资源禀赋，发展可再生资源，加大对林地的保护，加强环境规制。

关键词: 新疆, 土地利用类型转变, 碳强度, 碳源, 碳汇