Abstract: At present, the plant protection machinery commonly used in facility agriculture is the spray‑rod sprayer. During the process of operation, the gravity and wind resistance of the droplet will cause the spraying unequal phenomenon, the deposition characteristics of droplets can be optimized by adjusting the elevation angle and the windward angle of the spray source. At first, the simulation is carried out by Fluent, the wind speed is 1.0 m/s, the vector direction of the injection source is adjusted, the elevation angle of the injection source is controlled in 0°-15°, the windward angle is controlled in -15°-0°, at 0.2 m away from the ejector, a bounded cloud chart was set to detect and capture the particle information, and the sediment density, The DV0.9 value of droplet size and the mass flow rate were used as the evaluation indexes. In order to further verify the simulation results, spray experiments were carried out. The results of both experiments and simulations show that the larger the windward angle is when the elevation angle is less than 5°, the more the droplet deposition effect increases when the elevation angle is more than 5°, the interference area between the droplets decreases, and the deposition effect decreases. The deposition effect of the droplets is the best at -15° windward and 5° elevation angle. This paper can provide a theoretical basis for further optimizing the angle of injection source of rod sprayer.

Key words: spray machine, droplet deposition characteristics, Fluent, spray source angle, facility agriculture

摘要： 目前设施农业常用的植保机械为喷杆式喷雾机，作业过程中雾滴受重力和风阻影响会产生喷施不均现象，通过调整雾滴喷射源仰角和迎风角来优化雾滴沉积特性。利用Fluent进行仿真模拟，设置实际作业相同工况，风速大小为1.0 m/s，调节喷射源矢量方向，将喷射源仰角控制在0°~15°，迎风角控制在-15°~0°，在距离喷射源0.2 m处设置有界云图检测捕捉颗粒信息，将沉积密度、雾滴粒径DV0.9值、质量流率作为评价指标。为进一步验证仿真效果，并进行喷雾试验，试验结果与仿真结果均显示：在仰角不超过5°时，迎风角越大，雾滴沉积效果增加；在仰角超过5°时，雾滴间的干涉区域变小，沉积效果呈下降趋势；在迎风角为-15°、仰角为5°时，雾滴沉积效果达到最佳，为进一步优化喷杆式喷雾机喷射源角度提供理论依据。

关键词: 喷雾机, 雾滴沉积特性, Fluent, 喷射源角度, 设施农业