Static characteristics analysis and lightweight optimization of the rotor of straw crusher

doi:10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2024.09.013

Abstract

Abstract:

To solve the problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency of the straw crusher，the structural parameters of the key component rotor are designed and calculated. The coupling method of discrete element method and finite element method was used to analyze the stress and strain of the rotor under load condition. Based on the results of statics calculation，the topology optimization design was carried out under the premise of meeting the required stiffness and strength of the rotor. By analyzing the vibration characteristics of the optimized rotor，the working speed of the crusher avoiding resonance could be obtained. The results show that the strength and stiffness of the designed rotor of the straw crusher meet the usage requirements. After topology optimization，the quality of the rotor was reduced by 17. 19%. After optimization，the stress of the rotor is uniform，and the stress and strain have no obvious change. According to the resonance analysis，when the rotational speed of the crusher is between 1 550-2 300 r/min，it can meet the processing requirements and is not prone to resonance. This study can provide a reference for the research and development of this kind of forage processing machinery and improve its working performance.

Key words: straw crusher, rotor, static analysis, topology optimization, vibration characteristics, discrete element

摘要：

为解决目前秸秆揉碎机能耗高、效率低的问题，对其关键部件转子结构进行设计与计算；采用离散元法与有限元法耦合的方法对转子受载工况下的应力应变进行分析，基于静力学计算结果，在保持转子最大刚度前提下对其拓扑优化；对优化后的转子振动特性分析，确定揉碎机避开共振的工作转速。分析表明：所设计的秸秆揉碎机转子强度和刚度满足使用需求；拓扑优化后转子质量减轻 17. 19%，优化后转子受力均匀且应力应变较优化前无明显变化；由共振分析可知，揉碎机转速在 1 550~2 300 r/min时，可以满足使用要求且不易发生共振。为饲草加工机械研发和改善其工作性能提供方法参考。

关键词: 秸秆揉碎机, 转子, 静力学分析, 拓扑优化, 振动特性, 离散元

CLC Number:

S817. 12

Zhao Yu, Lan Yuezheng, Zhou Qiang, Shi Suchuan, Zhai Zhiping. Static characteristics analysis and lightweight optimization of the rotor of straw crusher[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(9): 83-88.

赵宇, 兰月政, 周强, 石苏川, 翟之平 . 秸秆揉碎机转子静力学特性分析与轻量优化[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2024, 45(9): 83-88.

References

［ 1］曹丽英，汪阳，李帅波，等 .锤片式饲料粉碎机科技进展［J］.包装与食品机械， 2021，39（6）：83-88.

Cao Liying，Wang Yang，Li Shuaibo，et al. The scientific and technological progress of feed hammer mill［J］. Packaging and Food Machinery，2021，39（6）：83-88.

［ 2］李松毅 .玉米秸秆揉碎装置设计与性能试验研究［ D］.呼和浩特：内蒙古农业大学， 2019.

［ 3］范国强，王忠宇，王保兴，等 .旋筒供料锤式饲草粉碎机设计与试验［ J］.农业机械学报， 2021，52（12）：43-53，76.

Fan Guoqiang， Wang Zhongyu， Wang Baoxing， et al. Design and experiment of rotary feed tube hammer grinder［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery，2021，52（12）：43-53，76.

［ 4］Manuwa S I，Sedara A M，Tola F A. Design，fabrication and performance evaluation of moringa（oleifera） dried leaves pulverizer［J］. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research，2020，2：1-10.

［ 5］Marczuk A， Blicharz.Kania A， Savinykh P A， et al. Studies of a rotary.centrifugal grain grinder using a multifactorial experimental design method［J］. Sustainability，2019，11（19）：1-11.

［ 6］钱义 .锤片式粉碎机转子结构优化设计及试验研究［ D］.呼和浩特：内蒙古农业大学， 2020.

［ 7］张永杰，徐红梅， Jay H Kim，等 .锤片式饲料粉碎机架板的有限元分析及拓扑优化［ J］.华中农业大学学报， 2019，38（5）：159-167.

Zhang Yongjie，Xu Hongmei，Jay H Kim，et al. Finite element analyses and topology optimization of hammer feed grinder frame plate［J］. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University，2019，38（5）：159-167.

［ 8］Yang Chunlan， Huang Daming， Cheng Falong. Finite element analysis and lightweight design of crusher flywheel［J］. Applied Mechanics and Materials， 2014， 684：297-302.

［ 9］马彩龙，王丽娟，王保爱，等 .新型玉米秸秆揉丝机的设计与试验［ J］.甘肃农业大学学报， 2019，54（4）：216-222.

Ma Cailong，Wang Lijuan，Wang Bao′ai，et al. Design and experiment of new corn stalk kneading machine［J］. Journal of Gansu Agricultural University，2019，54（4）： 216-222.

［10］黄若忱 .玉米秸秆揉碎机整秆输送喂入装置的设计［ J］.当代农机， 2012（9）：60-61.

［11］李斯琴高娃 .玉米秸秆切割性能试验研究［ D］.呼和浩特：内蒙古农业大学， 2021.

［12］肖威，陆静平，邓朝阳，等 .基于 ANSYS/Ls-Dyna的甘蔗收获机切割系统功耗模型研究［ J］.中国农机化学报， 2022，43（9）：116-121.

Xiao Wei，Lu Jingping，Deng Chaoyang，et al. Research on power consumption model of sugarcane harvester cutting system based on ANSYS/Ls-Dyna［J］. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization， 2022， 43（9）： 116-121.

［13］张涛，刘飞，赵满全，等 .冲击角度及茎节高度对玉米秸秆断裂能耗影响的试验研究［ J］.内蒙古农业大学学报（自然科学版），2021，42（4）：65-69.

Zhang Tao，Liu Fei，Zhao Manquan，et al. Experimental study on the influence of impact angle and stem node height change on the energy consumption of corn stalk fracture［J］. Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University（Natural Science Edition），2021，42（4）：65-69.

［14］麻乾，刘飞，赵满全 .揉碎机揉碎机理分析及锤片结构优化［ J］.农业工程学报， 2016，32（S2）：7-15.

Ma Qian，Liu Fei，Zhao Manquan. Working mechanism and structure optimization of hammer of rubbing machine［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering，2016，32（S2）：7-15.

［15］赵振国，李林 . 9R-40型揉碎机度电产量的性能分析与试验研究［ J］.内蒙古农业大学学报（自然科学版）， 2011，32（1）：197-200.

Zhao Zhenguo， Li Lin. Study and analysis on kilowatt.hour yield of the type 9R-40 tearing chopper［J］. Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University（Natural Science Edition），2011，32（1）：197-200.

［16］JB/T 9822. 2—2018，锤片式饲料粉碎机［ S］.

［17］Shen Weiqiang，Zhou Song，Ye Yunxia. The design of 9RSZ-540 straw rub and breaking machine［J］. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research， 2004（2）： 143-144.

［18］赵宇 .新型饲草揉碎机内流场特性与气动噪声分析［ D］.呼和浩特：内蒙古工业大学， 2023.

［19］王忠宇 .旋筒供料锤式饲草粉碎机的设计与试验［ D］.泰安：山东农业大学， 2022.

［20］Fang Mei，Yu Zhihong，Zhang Wenjie，et al. Friction coefficient calibration of corn stalk particle mixtures using Plackett.Burman design and response surface methodology［J］. Powder Technology， 2022， 396： 731-742.

[1]	Dun Guoqiang, Wang Lei, Ji Xinxin, Jiang Xinbo, Zhao Yu, Guo Na. Parameter calibration and test verification of discrete element simulation model of radish seed [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(9): 127-133.
[2]	Li Bin, Pang Mengyu. Design of farmland sandy soil improvement machine and numerical simulation of its mixing effect [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(9): 285-290.
[3]	Guo Lingyun, Zhao Meiqing, Gao Youshan, Wang Aihong, Ning Zhiqiang, Lü Shining. Calibration of discrete element parameters of farmland model after rotary tillage [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(8): 296-301.
[4]	Bai Xupu, Wang Zhenhua, Zhai Gaixia, Wu Haihua, Zhou Haiyan, Yang Baohua. Design of multifunctional furrow opening device based on discrete element method [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(6): 1-7.
[5]	Fan Jian, , Yi Zhenfeng, , Yao Xingzhi, , Xie Jinpeng, Tan Wenchao, , Wang Yu, . Lightweight design of greenhouse frame structure considering mechanical load and thermal load [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(6): 77-81.
[6]	Lu Hao, Guo Hui, Gao Guomin, Dong Funan, Wu Tianlun. Design and analysis of mobile platform for safflower picking robot [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(6): 242-249.
[7]	Xiao Suwei, , Cao Jianhua, , Chen Warong, , Jia Qian, , Wu Sihao, , Deng Xiangfeng, . Model construction and topology optimization of adaptive rubber trunk contour holding device [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(5): 29-35.
[8]	Hu Weihao, Yang Fazhan, Jiang Fulin, Lin Yunlong, Huang Ke. Simulation analysis of effect on structural parameters of vertical rotary tiller blade based on discrete element method [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(5): 42-48.
[9]	Li Peng, Shi Yongkang, Wan Xiaoyan. Modular design and finite element analysis of quadrotor agricultural UAV [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(5): 210-216.
[10]	Guo Shaoqiang, Yao Yulong, , Wang Chuan, , Hu Bo, Zhang Qiqi, Cao Weidong. Study on rotor dynamic characteristics of large flow agricultural irrigation pump [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(5): 264-271.
[11]	Zhou Baidong, Niu Qi, Yu Wei, Xie Shouyong, , Wang Lihong, , Li Chengsong, . Discrete element simulation research and optimization of doublechannel vibration potato seed feeder [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(4): 23-31.
[12]	Liu Meng, , Yuan Rongji, , Wang Zhongyu, Fan Guoqiang, , Dong Heyin, , Wu Aibing. Design and experiment of hammer type axial forage crushing mechanism [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(4): 93-99.
[13]	Song Yuying, , Zheng Xuan, Liu Jinbao, Yang Huaijun, Li Fan, Hu Heyan, . Research status of modeling analysis of soiltillage tool interaction [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(4): 250-257.
[14]	Hu Dongjun, Yan Jianwei, Zhang Zhen, Huang Xin, Niu Suzhen, Hu Zhengjun. Simulation parameters calibration of needleshaped tea based on pileup test [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(3): 66-73.
[15]	Jin Ji, Xue Xinyu , Yao Weixiang. Fast computation of singlerotor helicopter flow field based on semianalytic vortex ring model [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 45(3): 163-172.