Abstract: During the upgrading of the structure of the domestic consumption and the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure, China's animal husbandry industry has developed rapidly, which leads to increasing of the demand for forage. However, the domestic supply of forage is insufficient and the safety problem is prominent. In this paper, the field investigations were conducted in Hangjinhou Banner and Dengkou county of Bayannur city, the pilot county of “grain transformation to feed”, to understand the input and output of local farmers' forage planting, the empirical research was carried out on  the influencing factors of farmers forage planting behavior by using the Logit, 2SLS and LIML models. The results showed that the forage grass planted by farmers in the survey area mainly included silage corn, alfalfa and oat grass, and the economic benefit of planting alfalfa grass was higher than other forage materials, with the net income of 22005 yuan per hectare in 2021, and higher than 4590 yuan per hectare and 12180 yuan per hectare compared with silage corn and oat grass respectively. However, the survey also found that the enthusiasm of farmers to plant forage, especially alfalfa, was not high. Further study on the influencing factors of farmers' choice of planting forage found that policy incentives, land endowment and organizational system factors had significant positive effects on farmers' behavior of planting forage. It is proposed that the government should establish a perfect land transfer market system as soon as possible to help farmers expand the scale of planting, smoothly carry out the structural adjustment of planting, increase the area of forage planting, promote the virtuous cycle of planting for breeding, solve the problem of shortage of forage in the breeding industry, and encourage all kinds of cooperatives to play the advantages of the cooperative system, help farmers reduce the input cost of planting forage, broaden the sales channels of forage, and increase the income of farmers. Countermeasures and suggestions to increase farmers' income.

Key words: forage, input and output, farmers' behavior, influencing factors, econometric model

摘要： 国内消费结构及农业结构调整背景下，中国畜牧业迅速发展，饲草料需求不断增加，但是国内饲草料供应不足、安全问题凸显。在“粮改饲”试点旗县进行实地调研，了解当地农户饲草料种植的投入产出情况，利用Logit、2SLS及LIML模型对农户种植饲草料行为的影响因素进行实证研究。结果显示，调查区域农户种植的饲草料主要以青贮玉米、苜蓿及燕麦草为主，种植苜蓿草的经济效益比其他饲草料高，2021年苜蓿草纯收益可达22005元/hm2，比青贮玉米和燕麦草分别高出4590元/hm2元和12180元/hm2，但是农户种植饲草料尤其苜蓿草的积极性并不高。探究农户选择种植饲草料行为的影响因素，发现政策激励、土地禀赋及组织制度因素对农户饲草料种植行为有显著的正向影响，提出政府应该尽快建立完善的土地流转市场体系，助力农户扩大种植规模，顺利进行种植业结构调整，加大饲草料种植面积，促进为养而种的良性循环，解决养殖业饲草料短缺问题以及鼓励各类合作社发挥合作制度优势，帮助农户降低种植饲草料的投入成本，拓宽饲草料的销售渠道，增加农民收入的对策建议。

关键词: 饲草料, 投入产出, 农户行为, 影响因素, 计量模型