Abstract: In order to address issues such as miss-seeding and reseeding caused by guide tube clogging, seed box shortages and mechanical failures in the operation of traditional pneumatic seeder, a precision seeding monitoring system was designed and developed to support the cooperative operation of 12 seeding lines. The system comprises of an infrared photoelectric monitoring unit, speed monitoring unit, controller unit, central control instrument unit, and fault alarm unit. Experimental results demonstrate that the designed monitoring system efficiently provides real-time monitoring of the cooperative operation of the 12 seeding lines. It can accurately identify the seeding line number and promptly raise a fault alarm in case of miss-seeding or reseeding events. The alarm success rate reaches 100%, with an average response time of less than 0.5 s. Under normal operating speeds of 4 to 12 km/h, the system achieves an average accuracy of over 98.5% in monitoring the seeding number for crops of different sizes. This holds significant value in improving seeding quality and reducing production costs.

Key words: seeding monitoring, multicast collaboration, infrared photoelectric sensor, hall sensor, pneumatic seeder

摘要： 针对传统的气吸式播种机在作业过程中常常因导种管堵塞、种箱缺种以及机械故障造成的漏播、重播等现象,设计并开发一套支持12条播行协同作业的精量播种监测系统。该系统包括红外光电监测单元、车速监测单元、控制器单元、中控仪表单元以及故障报警单元的设计。试验结果表明,所设计的监测系统可以实时监控12条播种行的协同作业情况,当出现漏播、重播现象时能够及时、准确地识别播种行行号并进行故障报警,报警成功率达到100%,且平均响应时间在0.5 s以内。且在4~12 km/h的正常作业速度下,系统对不同体积大小的农作物种粒播种数量监测精度平均值超过98.5%。能够实现对多路播行同时作业的实时监测需求,对提高播种质量、降低生产成本具有重要意义。

关键词: 播种监测, 多播协同, 红外光电传感器, 霍尔传感器, 气吸式播种机