Abstract: Improving the ecoefficiency of food production is of great significance for promoting ecological protection and highquality development in the Yellow River Basin. Based on the data of 72 prefecturelevel cities in the Yellow River Basin, the ecoefficiency of food production was measured using the SBMUndesirable model, and its spatial and temporal evolution and convergence characteristics were examined using Kernel density estimation, Markov chain and convergence model. The results showed that, from the perspective of time series, the ecoefficiency of grain production in the Yellow River Basin decreased from 0.735 8 to 0.661 2 during 2006—2009, and increased from 0.664 2 to 0.723 3 during 2010—2020, showing a sequential feature of “first decreasing and then increasing”. The average efficiency values of the three basins were 0.761 9, 0.623 1 and 0.781 1, respectively, showing a longterm stable relationship of “downstream>upstream>midstream”, with the characteristics of polarization and spatial nonequilibrium. From a spatial perspective, there was a spatial clustering of grain production ecoefficiency among the Yellow River Basin regions, and the evolution of efficiency showed the stability of the original state, and it was also difficult to realize leapfrog transfer in the short term. In terms of convergence characteristics, there was no σconvergence in the ecological efficiency of grain production in the whole sample of Yellow River Basin, and other regions in the upper, middle and lower reaches, but there was significant absolute βconvergence and conditional βconvergence.

Key words: Yellow River basin, food production ecoefficiency, spatial and temporal evolution, convergence

摘要： 提高粮食生产生态效率对于推动黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展具有重要意义。基于黄河流域72地级市数据，运用SBM-Undesirable模型测算粮食生产生态效率，运用Kernel密度估计、Markov链及收敛模型等考察其时空演进及敛散特征。结果表明：时序角度，黄河流域粮食生产生态效率在2006—2009年间逐年下降，由0.735 8降至0.661 2，在2010—2020年间波动上升，由0.664 2升至0.723 3，呈现出“先降后增”的时序特征，三大流域的效率均值分别为0.761 9、0.623 1和0.781 1，呈现出“下游＞上游＞中游”的长期稳定关系，且存在两极分化和空间非均衡特征；空间视角，黄河流域各地区粮食生产生态效率之间存在空间集聚现象，且效率的演进表现出维持原状态的稳定性，短期内较难实现跨越式转移；收敛特征方面，黄河流域全样本及上中下游各地区的粮食生产生态效率均不存在σ收敛，但存在显著的绝对β收敛和条件β收敛。

关键词: 黄河流域, 粮食生产生态效率, 时空演进, 收敛性