Abstract: As the support of modern agricultural science and technology, agricultural machinery service can effectively improve the agricultural total factor productivity, ensure the national food security, ensure the continuous increase of farmers income and achieve the sustainable agricultural development. The article uses data envelope analysis and Tobit regression analysis, based on the production and operation status of 612 rice family farms in the Yangtze River basin, studies the impact of agricultural machinery service on the total factor productivity of rice family farms and the heterogeneity of the impact of “agricultural machinery service subject” and “agricultural machinery service machine type”, and further explores the mechanism of agricultural machinery service affecting total factor productivity of rice family farm by means of intermediary model. The results show that agricultural machinery service can positively affect the total factor productivity of rice family farm; the influence of different agricultural machinery service subjects on the total factor productivity of rice family farm is as follows: local cooperatives or companies>nonlocal companies>other farmers>selfservice, and large and mediumsized agricultural machinery is more conducive to improving the total factor productivity of rice family farm than small agricultural machinery; agricultural machinery service has an impact on the total factor productivity of rice family farm through “labor substitution” and “scale change”. All regions in the Yangtze River Basin should actively cultivate localized and comprehensive agricultural machinery service organizations, encourage and support the upgrading and application of largescale and intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment, vigorously improve the application rate of agricultural machinery service in agricultural production links of rice family farms, and then reduce labor input, promote the largescale management of land, and optimize the allocation of agricultural production factors, so as to improve the total factor productivity.

Key words: agricultural mechanization service, rice family farm, total factor productivity, heterogeneity, mesomeric effect

摘要： 农机服务作为现代农业科技力量的支撑，能有效提升农业全要素生产率，保障国家粮食安全、保证农民持续增收、实现农业可持续发展。文章使用数据包络分析和Tobit回归分析，基于长江流域612户水稻家庭农场的生产经营状况，对农机服务影响水稻家庭农场全要素生产率及“农机服务主体”和“农机服务机器类型”影响的异质性进行研究，并借助中介模型进一步探讨农机服务影响水稻家庭农场全要素生产率的作用机制。结果表明：农机服务能正向影响水稻家庭农场全要素生产率；不同农机服务主体对水稻家庭农场全要素生产率的影响主次顺序为：本地合作社或公司、外地公司、其他农户、自我服务，且大中型农机要比小型农机更有利于提升水稻家庭农场全要素生产率；农机服务通过“劳动替代”和“规模变动”对水稻家庭农场全要素生产率产生影响。长江流域各地区应积极培育本土化、综合化农机服务组织，鼓励支持大型化、智能化农业机械的升级与应用，提高水稻家庭农场农业生产环节的农机服务应用率，进而减少劳动力的投入，推动土地的规模化经营，优化农业生产的要素配置，以实现全要素生产率的提升。

关键词: 农机服务, 水稻家庭农场, 全要素生产率, 异质性, 中介效应