Abstract: To address the issues of high manual labor intensity and cost associated with the vinedropping process of longseason cucumbers and tomatoes in greenhouse cultivation, an integrated vinedropping device for vine crops in the greenhouse was designed. The structure and working principle of the integrated dropping vine device were described, and the system model was constructed. Based on the model and working characteristics of the integrated dropping vine device, an energysaving method for balancing crops load vine with counterweight was proposed. The working performance of the device during the dropping process is analyzed under different motor rotation speeds of 286r/min, 143r/min, and 95r/min, with a focus on balancing the load of cucumber vines using a counterweight. The test results showed that the motor rotation speed had slight fluctuations during lowspeed operation, but the overall running effect was good. As the cucumber vines descended, the weight of the vines gradually became less than that of the counterweight, resulting in a gradual increase in the output torque of the motor under various working conditions. The working performance of the integrated dropping vine device was analyzed under dropping vine and lifting conditions when the motor rotation speed was 286r/min. The results showed that the variation trend of motor output torque is similar for both dropping and lifting the vine using the counterweight method, with slightly higher torque observed during the dropping process. The average power consumption of the system during the dropping and lifting processes was 7.92W and 5.54W, respectively. The distribution characteristics of cucumber plant growth in an experimental greenhouse were tested and analyzed using an Sshaped method. The results showed that the integrated vinedropping device had good applicability because the daily growth difference between the plants with the greatest growth and the smallest growth was only 0.35cm.

Key words: greenhouse, vine crops, integrated dropping vine, counterweight, falling vines experiment

摘要： 针对长季节黄瓜和番茄温室藤蔓类作物人工落蔓强度大、成本高等问题，设计一种温室藤蔓类作物整体落蔓装置。基于作物整体落蔓装置结构及工作原理，构建落蔓装置系统模型。结合整体落蔓装置系统模型和工作特点，提出基于配重平衡作物秧蔓负载的整体落蔓运行方法。当整体落蔓装置电机驱动转速分别为286r/min、143r/min和95r/min时，分析了配重平衡负载工况下黄瓜秧蔓下降过程系统工作性能。结果表明，随着电机驱动转速的降低，电机的运行速度出现了轻微波动现象，但整体运行效果较好。随着黄瓜秧蔓的不断降落，秧蔓侧负载量不断减小，秧蔓重量逐渐小于配重量，各工况电机输出转矩均逐渐增大。电机驱动转速286r/min工况下，对比分析了整体落蔓装置驱动秧蔓下降和秧蔓提升的工作性能。结果表明，采用配重平衡黄瓜秧蔓负载方法，秧蔓下降和提升过程，电机输出扭矩变化趋势基本相同，电机输出平均功率分别为7.92W和5.54W。采用S形布点方法，测试分析了试验温室黄瓜植株生长量分布特性。结果表明，生长量最大植株和生长量最小植株每天生长量仅相差0.35cm，整体落蔓装置具有较好适用性。

关键词: 温室, 藤蔓类作物, 整体落蔓, 配重, 落蔓试验