Abstract: The improvement of human settlement environment is an inevitable requirement for rural revitalization, and “Toilet Revolution” is a key link, and the low utilization rate of sanitary latrines is undoubtedly a major practical problem to be solved urgently in the current “Toilet Revolution”. Therefore, based on technology acceptance model, this paper explored the reasons for the paradox between farmers toilet switching and their use behaviors, and analyzed the influencing factors and internal mechanism by using the survey data of micro farmers in Ningxia and the binary Logit model. The results showed that 89.14% of the rural households in the sample had completed the renovation of their toilets, but 3969% of the sanitary toilets transformed had been idle for a long time, there was a significant contradiction between the renovation of household toilets and their use behaviors. The difference of toilet transformation methods and peasant households use conditions, as well as the influence of herd mentality of farmers, led to a polarization trend of the utilization of hygienic toilets at the village level. The apparent reason for the idleness of hygienic toilets was the increase in the living cost of farmers, but in fact it was their ideological negativity and conditional constraints. Moreover, farmers demand and participation of sanitary latrines were still at a low level due to the structural bias of perceived usefulness, inconvenience of facilities and perceived ease of use. In view of this, some policy suggestions, such as rectifying and improving the existing stock and scientifically planning the future increment, are put forward in this paper to help give full play to the main role of farmers, stimulate their demand for hygienic toilets and improve their responsibility and willingness to use toilets.

Key words: rural toilet revolution, behaviors of changing toilet, behaviors of applying, paradox, new technology adoption

摘要： 人居环境整治是乡村振兴的必然要求，“厕所革命”则是其中的关键环节，而提升农户对卫生厕所的使用率无疑是当前“厕所革命”中亟待解决的重大现实问题。为此，基于技术接受模型，利用宁夏微观农户调研数据，采用二元Logit模型，阐明农户改厕与其使用行为悖离之因，探究其影响因素和内在逻辑。结果表明：样本中89.14%的农户完成了户厕改造，但其中有39.69%的卫生厕所却长期处于闲置状态，农户改厕与其使用行为发生显著悖离。究其故，改厕方式和农户使用条件的差异及其从众意识的影响，导致卫生厕所使用率在村级层面呈两极分化，这看似农户生活成本提高所致，实则是其思想消极、条件限制而为。而且，受农户感知有用性结构性的偏差、设施便利条件不高和农户感知易用性不强等因素限制，使得农户对卫生厕所需求和参与意愿仍处于较低水平。据此，提出整改完善现有存量、科学谋划未来增量，充分发挥农户主体作用，提高农户参与意愿和责任担当等政策建议。

关键词: “厕所革命”, 改厕行为, 使用行为, 悖离, 技术接受