Abstract: In order to solve the problems of low quality and low efficiency, artificial secondary construction ridge and ditch for water direct seeding field, high labor intensity and high cost of the ridge work in rice planting process of all branches of Jiangsu Agricultural Reclamation, a kind of adjustable rice ridge building and ditching integrated machine suitable for largescale operation in reclamation area was studied and developed. The overall design of the whole structure of the simultaneous ridging and ditching machine was carried out, the gearbox transmission ratio was determined to be 1.25 and 1.69, respectively. Before the rice paddy field experiment, the angle adjustment device was adjusted to make it suitable for simultaneous ridging and ditching operation in different areas; after the rice paddy field experiment, the ridge height, ridge top width, ditch depth, ditch width, soil firmness of the formed ridge was detected, the machine was optimized and improved according to the rice paddy field experiment results until the machine was finalized. The analysis results showed that all the measured data of the ridge height were qualified and the average value was 24.5 cm, all the measured data of the ridge top width were qualified and the average value was 21.8 cm, the average value of ditch depth was 25.1 cm, the average value of ditch width was 37.6 cm, the average value of soil firmness of the formed ridge was 1 992 kPa. The indexes of the rice paddy field operation of machine were better than relevant technical standards, which could effectively improve working efficiency and improve ridge quality, reduce operating costs.

Key words: ridge type adjustable, scooping up the soil and gathering in the middle, ridge body forming, simultaneous ridging and ditching

摘要： 为解决当前江苏农垦各分公司水稻种植过程中筑埂作业质量不高、效率低、水直播田需人工二次筑埂修沟、劳动强度大、成本高等问题，研制一种适应垦区规模化作业条件下的可调节水稻筑埂开沟一体机。对筑埂开沟一体机整体结构进行总体方案设计，确定齿轮箱传动比分别为1.25和1.69。田间试验前，调整角度调节装置使其适用于不同区域水稻田筑埂开沟作业，田间试验结束后检测埂高、埂顶宽、沟深、沟宽、埂体坚实度，根据田间试验结果进行优化改进直至机具定型。结果表明：所设计的机具可在不同区域水稻田一次筑埂成型且同步完成埂边开沟作业，埂高全部合格且平均值达24.5 cm，埂顶宽全部合格且平均值达21.8 cm，沟深平均值达25.1 cm，沟宽平均值达37.6 cm，埂体坚实度平均值达1 992 kPa。该机具通用性和灵活性较好，作业各项指标皆优于相关技术标准，有效提高作业效率和埂体质量，节约作业成本。

关键词: 埂型可调, 集土开沟, 埂体成型, 同步作业