Abstract: In order to investigate the optimal process parameters of microwave vacuum drying of Angelica sinensis, “Mingui No.1” from Dingxi, Gansu Province was used as the test material. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the contents of ligustilide (LA), ferulic acid (FA), senkyunolide H (SH), senkyunolide I (SI), chlorogenic acid (CA), 3-butylidene phthalide (BA), antioxidant properties (DPPH), total phenols (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC), polysaccharides (Pc), and dried product rehydration ratio were measured in Angelica sinensis under different drying temperatures, slice thickness and vacuum conditions, and the composite weights and comprehensive scores of each active ingredient in angelica were calculated by AHP-entropy weighting method; the optimal process parameters for microwave vacuum drying of Angelica sinensis were determined by the BoxBehnken response surface method with the integrated score as the response value. The results showed that the Qj values of LA、FA、SH、SI、CA、BA、DPPH、TPC、TFC、Pc、RR in samples were calculated by AHP-entropy weighting method as 0.159、0.192、0.120、0.288、0.033、0.063、0.059、0.041、0.024、0.013、0.009, respectively. The optimal process conditions for microwave vacuum drying of Angelica sinensis were obtained by BoxBehnken response surface method, with drying temperature of 50 ℃, slice thickness of 5 mm, and vacuum degree of -0.070 MPa, and with an overall score of 84.95. In addition, the microscopic electron microscopy results also showed that under these process conditions, the sample had a uniform and regular honeycomb pore structure with the best qualitative thermal stability. Therefore, the AHP-entropy weight method, which calculates the composite weights, can be used for the optimization of multiple objectives in the microwave vacuum drying process of Angelica sinensis.

Key words: microwave vacuum drying, Angelica sinensis, AHP method, entropy weight method, response surface optimization, microstructure

摘要： 为探究当归微波真空干燥的最佳工艺参数，以甘肃定西“岷归1号”为试验材料。运用HPLC法测定不同干燥温度、切片厚度、真空度条件下当归中藁本内酯（LA）、阿魏酸（FA）、洋川芎内酯H（SH）、洋川芎内酯I（SI）、绿原酸（CA）、丁烯基苯酞（BA）、抗氧化性（DPPH）、总酚（TPC）、总黄酮（TFC）、多糖（Pc）的含量，利用AHP-熵权法计算各有效活性成分的复合权重和综合评分；以综合评分为响应值，通过BoxBehnken响应面法进行优化设计，确定当归微波真空干燥的最佳工艺参数。结果表明：AHP-熵权法计算得出LA、FA、SH、SI、CA、BA、DPPH、TPC、TFC、Pc、RR的Qj值分别为0.159、0.192、0.120、0.288、0.033、0.063、0.059、0.041、0.024、0.013、0.009；BoxBehnken响应面法得到的当归微波真空干燥的最优工艺条件为干燥温度50 ℃、切片厚度5 mm、真空度-0.070 MPa，此时综合评分为84.95分；此外，微观电镜结果也表明在此工艺条件下，样品质构热稳定性最好且内部出现均匀规则的蜂窝状孔隙结构。因此AHP-熵权法可用于当归微波真空干燥工艺中多目标的优化。

关键词: 微波真空干燥, 当归, AHP法, 熵权法, 响应面优化, 微观结构